SOCIAL WORK Exam 2 Flashcards by Mattie Clemmons

This person was a philanthropist and women’s rights activist, founder of the Hull House

Jane Addams

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First female president of the National Conference of Social Work/Ntnl Conference of Charities and Corrections

Jane Addams

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Changed the role of first lady; served in the United Nations and fought for human and women’s rights (League of Women Voters); had newspaper article called “My Day”

Eleanor Roosevelt

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Worked in Bureau of Child Welfare, Red Cross, American Association of Social Workers president, Temporary Emergency Relief Admin., CWA, WPA, emissary to Churchill and Stalin for FDR

Harry Hopkins

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Co-Founder of Hull House, founded Chicago Public School Art Society, fought for child labor and safety rights in Women’s Trade Union League,

Ellen Gates Starr

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First female to serve in US presidential cabinet (secretary of labor)-helped with New Deal and SS, worked with immigrants and avoiding prostitution, investigated childhood malnutrition

Frances Perkins

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focused on immigrants and children, head of Children’s Bureau, formed Immigrants Protective League, lobbied for constitutional amendment to ban child labor

Grace Abbott

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Study quotes said by famous people

*Maybe

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Time period of the Colonial Period

1600-1775

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What were American Social Welfare Institutions modeled after?

British Elizabethan Poor Laws

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T/F SW was called “poor relief” in Colonial times

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Who was responsible for assisting the poor in the Colonial Era

The colonial government; however, private groups typically delivered it.

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T/F The private sector is a direct result of organized religion

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How did the Colonial Era “group” people who received aid?

“Deserving poor” (people unable to work or support their families for a plethora of reasons) and “Undeserving poor” (people who just don’t work bc lazy)

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How did John Calvin’s beliefs impact poor relief?

He believed work was a virtue and idleness was a sin; those who don’t work shouldn’t receive aid bc they are just sinning

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How did the Industrial Revolution change SW?

People moved into cities and were no longer self-dependent; immigration; factories

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How did colonists deal with problems of poverty?

They said it was a blessing given by God as an opportunity to help others and serve God

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Poverty cycle in colonial times

Unemployment -> poverty -> vagabonds -> beggars -> thieves

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When did the Nonprofit sector really begin to grow?

The 1800s; YMCA, YWCA, Salvation Army, Red Cross

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T/F Charity Organization Societies were based on scientific philanthropy

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What did Charity Organizations emphasize?

Needs assessments, case histories, case conferences, service referrals, interviewing skills, community service coordination

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What were some problems faced in The Progressive Era (1900-1920s)?

Inadequate Housing
Child Labor
City Dumps
Unhealthy Living Conditions

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What did the problems of the Progressive Era lead to?

Need for economic, political, and social reforms, government action, increased licensing and accreditation for helping professions like SW

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Private, non-profit organizations that were est. in poor inner cities to promote social welfare

Settlement Houses (started by Jane Addams and Grace Abbott-The Hull House in Chicago)

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Series of relief programs

The New Deal

Package of social programs that became the main public assistance program

Social Security Act of 1935 (called OASDHI)

When did Social Work shift from being mostly private to public jobs?

With the SS Act of 1935

What programs did LBJ create with his War on Poverty?

``` Civil Rights Act (1964) Medicaid (1965) Medicare (1965) Head Start Food Stamps Vista, Job Corps ```

What were Charity Org. Societies based on?

Scientific Philanthropy; they were a collaboration between business and professional leaders

What lead to the 1960s being a time of unrest?

``` MLK and Robert Kennedy assassinated Riots due to racial unrest Student protests Crime Increase Sexual Revolution Drugs ```

What decade was conservative and created no new social welfare programs?

1970s

What did the Anti-Pauper Movement produce

Poor houses

Helped professionalize American health and human sources; SW traced back to it bc they developed "casework" and "community organization"

Charity Organization Societies

Private, nonprofit organizations est. in poor inner-city neighborhoods to promote social welfare

Settlement Houses

3 Rs of Settlement House work

Residence Research Reform

Parts of the New Deal

Federal Emergency Relief Admin. (FERA) Civilian Works Administration (CWA) Public Works Admin. (PWA) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

T/F With the New Deal, poor relief became a right of American citizens who met certain eligibility standards

*p. 128

New Deal and SW

T/F The New Deal established national health programs

False, it did not create any major national health programs

T/F Nixon helped the working/deserving poor. This lead to large amounts of health and human service legislation and more fed. gov. intervention in social welfare

Provided federal funds to local gov. for general operating expenses; by Nixon

General Revenue Sharing

Gave fed, funds to local gov. for broad categories of services; Nixon

Special Revenue Sharing

T/F Reagan sought to decrease the federal gov. role in American social welfare

T, "the new federalism"

What did George H.W. Bush do in office

Child Care and development Block Grant Kept up a lot of what Reagan did Americans with Disabilities Act

What does the Americans with Disabilities Act say

Forbade discrimination against the disabled in areas of employment, education, housing, and public accommodations; required employment places to make accommodations for those with disabilities

Major social reform under Clinton

PRWOA was supposed to end welfare as we know it. Began TANF Family and Medical leave Act (1993)

Clinton's promises

Expand fed. funding for education and welfare, reform healthcare and welfare

T/F Clinton failed in enacting new national health insurance legislation

T, but he did increase federal funding for states for children's health insurance

What did SW look like in the 70s-80s?

Placed large emphasis on casework, clinical SW; shift to private practice

T/F Bush tried to increase government role in welfare

F, he tried to get faith-based programs and private individuals to help ("compassionate conservatism")

In the early 2000s, AFDC became

TANF

What president added prescription drugs to Medicare

Bush

Obama's Goals as president

``` Reduce income inequality Create more jobs Reform Immigration Marriage equality Women's reproductive rights Affordable Care Act **passed the largest economic legislature ever including federal spending and tax cuts **signed major healthcare reform to help uninsured, expand medicaid, and prevent insurance companies from denying coverage ```

When a family does not have enough income to maintain a minimum standard of living (this includes housing, food, medical care)

Absolute Poverty

How does the government define poverty?

Based on the deprivation of financial resources for basic needs

United Nations' 2 definitions of poverty

Absolute Poverty and Overall Poverty

The extent to which an individual or family's income falls below the average income threshold for the economy (unequal access to income)

Relative Poverty

Lack of income for resources, but not complete deprivation

Overall Poverty

T/F There is a large gap between the rich and the poor in the US

Absolute measures that identify the amount of before-tax cash income that a family needs to be considered to meet family members' basic needs

Federal Poverty thresholds

Simplified versions of poverty thresholds that determine eligibility for social services such as food stamps etc.

Poverty Guidelines

How much of the US population is under the poverty line?

14.5%

T/F About 1 million people in the world live on 1.25$ a day

F, 1.3 billion people do

T/F Almost 1/2 of the world's population lives on less than $2 a day

What percent of female-headed families are in poverty?

33%

_____% of children under 18 are in poverty

21.8

Who benefited most from LBJ's War on Poverty?

the elderly

Poverty rates of whites v. minorities

native americans-27% blacks-26.2% hispanics-23.6% whites-12.7%

T/F People with less than a 9th grade education have a greater chance of living in poverty

Causes of poverty

``` Economic Systems Wage Inequality Human Capital Oppression/Discrimination Family Structure ```

Results of poverty

``` food insecurity bad housing mental problems alcoholism victimization shorter lives bad schools bad grades low self-esteem stunted growth poor healthcare ```

Who are the working poor?

People who work at least 1000 hours per year and still fall at or below 200% of the poverty line

The range of qualities a worker brings to employment (includes education, training, skills, experience)

Human Capital

Poverty is a constant, permanent state

Culture of Poverty

Characteristics of the culture of poverty

``` Apathy Hostility Social Disorganization Lack of participation Early sex lives/childbearing Poor impulse control ```

Social Welfare Programs for those in poverty

``` Social Insurance Programs (SS, Unemployment, Worker's Comp-pay into these) Public Assistance (TANF, SSI, General Assist.-dont have to pay in) Housing/Food Benefits (Food stamps, WIC, public and section 8 housing) ```

T/F Under TANF, families are entitled to welfare

F, they are not entitled to welfare, they must participate in work activity within 2 years of getting aid.

Cannot receive more than 5 years of this assistance

TANF (temporary assistance to needy families)

Who receives the majority of SSI?

People with disabilities

Program that supplements income of poor people aged 65 and older, blind, or disabled

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

Oldest major social insurance program in the nation

Worker's Comp

Program that provides victims of work-related injuries with cash, medical care, and rehab

Worker's Comp

T/F Food Stamps and WIC have income eligibility requirements

Provides federal subsidies for construction costs on housing units built by local public housing authorities

Public Housing

Largest federal housing assistance program for the poor

Section 8 Housing

Most well-known voluntary housing development program (non-profit)

Habitat for Humanity

People who live in unstable housing arrangements na black a permanent place to stay

Homelessness

Causes of illness

System disequilibrium in the family, physical, economy, and environment

What is the life expectancy in the US?

79.68

When were social workers first seen in the medical setting?

1905 in the Internal Medicine Clinic at Mass Gen

T/F Hospitals employ a small amount of social workers in health care and medical social work

false, they employ the majority of social workers who work in health care and medical SW

What are the major health problems in the US?

``` Heart Disease (CVD) Cancer Obesity Asthma AIDS/HIV ```

Treatment v. Prevention in health care

Health problems are related to our lifestyles and environmental factors Drs. treat symptoms of illnesses rather than underlying issues

Weaknesses of American healthcare

``` High Infant Mortality Lower life expectancies complex and fragmented individualized and localized All about $$$ lack of all-around coverage ```

Leading cause of death in US

Heart Disease

T/F Cancer rates have declined in the US

Misconceptions/preconceived notions

Stigma (particularly around those suffering from HIV/AIDS)

People most affected by AIDS

Gay | African American

First Hospital Aid/Care given

Mutual Aid

The first hospitals were attached to monasteries T/F

Health Insurance for the elderly and OASDI

Medicare

Health Insurance for the poor

Medicaid

T/F Social Workers in the medical and health care field have many different job responsibilities

T/F The primary focus of community and public health social work is prevention

Jobs of medical social workers

``` Counseling Work with Fams Asses, diagnose, and treat medical conditions Work with teams Financial planning/assistance Discharge Planning ```