Social Welfare Concepts Flashcards
What is social work’s primary focus?
Advancing the well-being of individuals, families, and communities.
What are the two components of the Canadian Welfare system?
Income Security and Social Services
________ ________ programs provide monetary or other material benefits to supplement income or maintain minimum income levels.
Income Security
__________ __________ programs help people by providing non-monetary aid (eg. parent-child programs, child care centres, youth drop in centres, women’s shelters, etc.)
Social Services
What are the three different approaches to social welfare?
Residual approach
Institutional approach
Social investment approach
Which of the three approaches to social welfare highly target those who are deemed the most in need?
Residual approach
The ________ approach to social welfare is a limited, temporary response to human need, implemented only when all else fails.
Residual
The residual approach to social welfare is based on the premise that there are two “natural” ways through which an individual’s needs are met. What are the two “natural” ways?
Through the family and through the market economy
Which of the three approaches to social welfare believes social welfare is a necessary public response that helps people attain a reasonable standard of health and well-being?
Institutional Approach
The _________ approach to social welfare attempts to even out, rather than promote economic stratification or status differences.
Institutional
What program is the most revered institutional approach to social welfare?
Family Allowance that began in 1945 and ended in 1992.
The __________ approach to social welfare is also called the “third way”. It’s goal is inclusion, equity, and social justice.
Social Investment Approach
The __________ approach to social welfare recognizes the multidimensional nature of social issues. It focuses on all aspects of social well-being and investing ways that alleviate the structural disadvantages faced by high-risk and vulnerable populations.
Social Investment Approach
There are different ways of categorizing social welfare provision. What are the two most important ones to distinction between?
Public and Private Welfare
__________ welfare refers to monetary benefits and services that are provided directly by any of the three levels of government: the federal government, a provincial or territorial government, or a regional or municipal government.
Public
_________ welfare is delivered through non-profit organizations or for-profit organizations and individuals.
Private
Eligibility for social welfare programs differs across the country. Programs are distinguished as either __________ or ___________.
Universal or Targeted programs
____________ programs are available to everyone in a specific category, regardless of income or financial situation.
Universal program
___________ programs provide benefits based on a means test (sometimes called an “income test” or “needs test”).
Targeted program
The Elizabethan Poor Law defines those who were able to work, and those who were fit for work and willing to take any job offer at rates determined by the employer as _____________.
Deserving poor
The Elizabethan Poor Law defines those who were deemed able to work but did not do so for whatever reason as _____________.
Undeserving poor
Why did the state only recognize limited responsibility of the deserving poor?
The thinking was:
-Providing the deserving poor with more aid would discourage them from ever seeking work again and would encourage others not to take jobs for low pay or unbearable working conditions
What did the principle of less eligibility ensure?
This ensured those in work would always be terrified to lose their employment and forced to live an unspeakably miserable life.
How did the state determine the bare minimum that poor relief recipients could receive?
They used the principle of less eligibility.
This ensured the minimum was lower than the minimum wages that day labourers were receiving.
What is the difference between indoor and outdoor relief?
Indoor relief was when poor individuals and families were forced into a workhouse. They were expected to earn their aid by working in the workhouse or for employers who had contracts with the workhouse.
Outdoor relief was aid provided by the local authorities for those who remained in their own homes (eg. money, food, clothing). This was more common because it was cheaper than building workhouses.
___________ was thought to be the result of family defects, and individuals were considered to be responsible for their own poverty.
Pauperism
In the residual model of welfare, how would the state separate the deserving poor from the undeserving poor?
Means Test/Needs Test
Where did the 1919 General Strike take place?
Winnipeg, Manitoba
What was the largest strike in Canadian history?
1919 General Strike
The Great Depression was so financially devastating that people were shocked into changing which long-held beliefs?
-Why people were poor
-What the state should do to help out
-People began to see poverty and unemployment were not the result of an individuals inadequacy or laziness, but common and insurable threats to everyone’s livelihood.
What was the first federal universal income security program in Canada?
Family Allowance (Began in 1945 and ended in 1992)
Where was the Beveridge report released from?
Britain
Where was the Marsh report released from?
Canada
Which report was released first, the Beveridge report or the Marsh report?
Beveridge
What did the Marsh report identify as a need for Canada?
Comprehensive and universal social welfare programs
What are the 5 program criteria the provinces/territories must meet in order to receive full federal funding under the Canada Health Act?
- Public Administration
- Comprehensiveness
- Universality
- Portability
- Accessibility
Which level of government is responsible for management, organization, and delivery of health care services to residents?
Provincial and territorial government
Who is recognized as the father of Canadian Medicare?
Tommy Douglas
Humanitarian, collectivism, equality, freedom are the social beliefs of which political party?
Social Democratic
Freedom, individualism, Inequality are the social beliefs of which political party?
Liberal
__________ party sees government intervention as government interference
Conservative
_______ party has the political beliefs of wanting to keep things the same unless it benefits the economy
Conservative
________ believe in a minimum living standard
Liberals
The “taken for granted contexts”, within which one locates facts and methods and ascribes meanings to them.
Paradigms
