Social studies test

Question 1

Dynasty

Answer 1

A line of hereditary rulers of a country

Question 2

The Great wall

Answer 2

The great wall of China is a series of fortifications that were built across the historical northern borders of ancient Chinese states and Imperial China as protection against various nomadic groups

Question 3

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 3

The ‘Mandate of Heaven’ established the idea that a ruler must be just to keep the approval of the gods. It was believed that natural disasters, famines, and astrological signs were signals that the emperor and the dynasty were losing the Mandate of Heaven

Question 4

Terracotta Army

Answer 4

The army of life-size terracotta soldiers, archers, horses and chariots was stationed in military formation near Emperor Qin’s tomb in order to protect the emperor in the afterlife

Question 5

Philosophy

Answer 5

The study of knowledge, reality, and existence. Often considered as an academic discipline. It is a theory or attitude that acts as a guiding principle for behavior

Question 6

Confucianism

Answer 6

Confucianism is an ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality which laid the foundation for much of Chinese culture. Confucius was a philosopher and teacher

Question 7

Silk Road

Answer 7

A series of networks that connect China to the western world. Used to transport goods such as silk as well as ideas.

Question 8

Daoism

Answer 8

Daoism is a philosophy, a religion, and a way of life that arose in what is now eastern China. the four main principles are harmony, patience simplicity and compassion, going with the flow, and letting go, based on the writings of Lao-zu,

Question 9

Central government

Answer 9

The central government is the political authority that governs an entire nation.

Question 10

Censorship

Answer 10

Censorship is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information. This may be done on the basis that such material is considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or “inconvenient”

Question 11

Legal code

Answer 11

Legal code is a series of clear laws written by an authoritarian figure that all people must follow.

Question 12

Warring States

Answer 12

The Warring States Period (475–221 BC) was an era of division in ancient China. This period is known for frequent warfare and annexations of various states in the lead up to a larger united China

Question 13

Standardization

Answer 13

Cause something to conform to a standard - make everything uniform or the same

Question 14

Similarities of Shang and Zhou

Answer 14

Wore similar clothing

Spoke same language

Question 15

Differences between Shang and Zhou

Answer 15

oracle bones vs stopped using them

sacrificed humans vs didn’t

Question 16

Similarities between Qin and Han

Answer 16

standardized everything

central government

Question 17

Differences between Qin and Han

Answer 17

harsh rule and punishments vs Confucius values

hereditary positions and nepotism vs civil service

Question 18

Legalism

Answer 18

Legalism in ancient China was a philosophical belief that human beings are more inclined to do wrong than right because they are motivated entirely by self-interest and require strict laws to control their impulses. It was developed by the philosopher Han Feizi (l. c. 280 - 233 BCE) of the state of Qin.

Question 19

Confucius

Answer 19

Confucius is known as the first teacher in China who wanted to make education broadly available and who was instrumental in establishing the art of teaching as a vocation. He also established ethical, moral, and social standards that formed the basis of a way of life known as Confucianism.

Question 20

Laozi

Answer 20

A legendary daoist philosopher, traditionally regarded as the author of the Tao Te Ching (Daodejing), though the identity of its author(s) or compiler(s) has been debated throughout history

Question 21

Natural borders / physical features

Answer 21

Mountains, deserts - Gobi, Pacific ocean

Question 22

2 biggest rivers China

Answer 22

The Huang and the Chang

Question 23

Silk Road

Answer 23

The silk road is a network of trade routes that go all over; from China to central and southwest Asia. These routes existed before the Han dynasty, but during the Han time period the connections between China and the more western regions increased. Although it is called a road, the Silk Road is actually just a network of routes that go over land and water that connect Asia with Europe and Africa.. It was used for trading of silk, and the exchange of ideas

Question 24

Shang

Answer 24

The Shang dynasty created written records on oracle bones
First chinese river valley dynasty
They created dikes (walls to hold back water)
Organized irrigation/agricultural systems
Bronze metal working (pots, cups, weapons, blades)
Organized army/warriors
Pottery and silk cloth - before uprising
Technology

Question 25

Zhou

Answer 25

``` used mandate of heaven to take over Shang because Shang was corrupt weapons (crossbow) iron making coins roads fertilizer ```

Question 26

Qin

Answer 26

Qin organized the government into 36 Chinese provinces. The leaders would report to the central government who would then report to the emperor. They established a single written language Transportation was also standardised (measured the length of the axles of all vehicles) Uniform set of weights and measures for trade The way to write specific characters was regulated Qin used their military powers to defeat the other warlords Qin unified China, but though that king was not a sufficient title so instead names himself Shi Haundi which means first emperor The emperor sent political officers away from their families and to the capital so that they would work harder and so that it would eliminate nepotism.

Question 27

Han

Answer 27

Qin’s harsh punishments, in fact, that was THE reason why a soldier, Cheng Sheng, rebelled. He, and a group of other men, were sent to go patrol the northern border of China when abrupt rain caused them to be delayed. They knew the severe and unreasonable penalties for being late and decided that they didn’t have anything to lose by rebelling. Turns out the majority of citizens were unhappy with life during those times and joined the rebellion. The social order was created with confucian values. The highest valued members were scholars due to their knowledge and farmers because they produced the most important goods. After that there were artisans, valued for their hard work and skill. Merchants due to the fact that they couldn’t produce anything. Even though they were low on the social scale, they lived comfortably due to their immense wealth they got from selling things. Slaves were the people who had commited a serious crime, war prisoners, or people who had fallen deeply into debt. Beautiful works created in stone, clay, and bronze; the painted murals; and the astounding poetry. Music, creating an official bureau of music, where musicians would play the drums, bells, flutes, and harps. In general, music and dancing was very common during festivals and celebrations. Calligraphy. Due to the invention of paper, the Han was able to express emotions through the way they would write Chinese characters. Garden design which was an important aspect of the arts. Gardeners would rearrange rocks, plants, and water to resemble the most serene places in nature. Progress in astronomy. The astronomers during the Han dynasty were able to make accurate ideas of how long a solar year is and things like that. Medicine. They would examine historical texts and come up with herbal remedies and explanations to treat and explore illnesses. On top of that, they used/discovered acupuncture, a practice still used today.