Social Studies Quarter 3 Review Flashcards
What are the three civilizations? Give examples of how civilizations adapted to their environment.
Aztec, Maya, Inca
All created complex civilizations
Inca: Terrace Farming, extensive road system
Aztec: Floating Gardens
What is the Iroquois Confederacy?
Unite the 5 tribes to create peace
Hiawatha belt
What is the Columbian Exchange?
The global transfer of goods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas
How did the Columbian Exchange negatively impact Native Americans?
The Native American populations declined after being exposed to diseases from Europe
What happened to Native American culture as Europeans arrived in the Americas?
Native cultures were replaced with European languages, customs and religions
Why were Africans brought to the New World?
Cheap labor was needed for the plantations since the Native population died
They served as slaves in the colonies
What were some reasons Europeans migrated to the Americas? Example: Separatists.
Religious freedom (escape religious persecution)
land
Identify the first plan of self-government in the colonies.
Mayflower Compact
Self-government / democratic
What was the first elected legislature in the English colonies?
House of Burgesses
Use of democratic practices in America
What is mercantilism?
Colonies provide mother country with raw materials
The colonies were expected to provide England with raw materials and markets for British goods
Why did England and France go to war in the 1700s?
Fighting over control of the Ohio River Valley and the fur trade
What was the major cause of the American Revolution? What was the quotation used to protest?
The tax laws enacted by England on the colonists to make up for the debt it accumulated during the French and Indian War
-Being unfairly taxed by England with no Representation in Parliament.
-“No taxation without representation” - opposed all British taxes until the colonies were represented in Parliament
How did the French aid America during the Revolutionary War?
-provided money, supplies, weapons and troops
What is the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?
The Declaration of Independence stated the colonists would no longer be a colony of England. It stated that government gets its power from the people and should respond to the will of the people
According to the Declaration of Independence, where does the government get its power from?
-the people
What was our nation’s first plan of government?
Articles of Confederation
How did Shays’ Rebellion prove the Articles of Confederation did not work?
The Articles had no federal court system, no chief executive and no way to call up a Military, no ability to tax. Therefore, the rebellion could not be stopped by the government in place.
Govt did not have enough power
What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?
Initially to revise the Articles, but later to write a Constitution that could better serve America.
What major issues did the Great Compromise and Three-Fifths Compromise settle?
The Great Compromise- representation in government-Congress
3/5ths compromise- how the slaves would be counted towards the population.
What is the purpose of the Preamble of the U.S. Constitution?
To list the goals/purposes of the Constitution.
What is the Elastic Clause?
It allows the government to grow and change over time. “Necessary and Proper Clause”
What is a precedent? Give two examples that George Washington set.
a precedent is an example.
-He only ran for two terms
-he chose a simple title “Mr. President”
-he chose a cabinet of advisors
What was George Washington’s foreign policy?
Washington’s foreign policy was that the U.S should stay neutral. Steer clear of permanent alliances but continue to trade with Europe.
What led to the development of political parties?
Political differences between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson over the interpretation of the Constitution
What is Judicial Review?
The Supreme court has the ability to review actions by the government and decide if they are constitutional or not.
What geographical advantage did the United States gain when purchasing Louisiana?
The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States. It also gave control of the Key port of New Orleans and the Mississippi River to the United States.
What were the accomplishments of Lewis and Clark? Who helped guide Lewis and Clark during their expedition?
Explored the region of the Louisiana Purchase.
-Mapped out the area, including the Missouri River.
-Made peace with the Natives.
-Logged information on new species of animals.
-Sacajewea helped guide Lewis and Clark during their expedition.
What was Thomas Jefferson’s issue with purchasing the Louisiana territory?
Thomas Jefferson believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution.
What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812?
Cause - British impressment of American soldiers
-Result - American nationalism spread across the country
What was the Industrial Revolution?
major change in manufacturing goods by hand to machinery
What was the effect of the Erie Canal?
made it easier, faster, cheaper to transport goods from the West to the East
-led to New York City becoming a major economic center
What role did Eli Whitney play in the Industrial Revolution?
Eli Whitney invented interchangeable parts.
Explain the Spoils System. Why did people not like it?
The Spoils System was created by Andrew Jackson.
-The Spoils System rewarded Jackson’s political supporters with government jobs.
-People did not like it because they felt it was unfair.
Why did James Monroe issue the Monroe Doctrine?
The Monroe Doctrine warned European nations to keep out of the Western Hemisphere.
How was Andrew Jackson viewed by the end of his Presidency?
Jackson was viewed as a monarch (king) with too much power
