Social Studies: Here there be _

Question 1

Discrimination

Answer 1

In human social behavior, discrimination is treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction towards, a person based on the group, class, or category to which the person is perceived to belong. The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Question 2

Colonialism

Answer 2

Colonialism is the policy of a foreign polity seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of opening trade opportunities. The colonizing country seeks to benefit from the colonized country or land mass. The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

Question 3

Slavery

Answer 3

Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a de jure form of property. A slave is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration. Slavery refers to a condition in which individuals are owned by others, who control where they live and at what they work. Slavery had previously existed throughout history, in many times and most places. The ancient Greeks, the Romans, Incas and Aztecs all had slaves.

Question 4

Hegemony

Answer 4

Hegemony, the dominance of one group over another, often supported by legitimating norms and ideas. The term hegemony is today often used as shorthand to describe the relatively dominant position of a particular set of ideas and their associated tendency to become commonsensical and intuitive, thereby inhibiting the dissemination or even the articulation of alternative ideas. Hegemony derives from a Greek term that translates simply as “dominance over” and that was used to describe relations between city-states.

Question 5

Nepotism

Answer 5

Nepotism is based on favour granted to relatives in various fields, including business, politics, entertainment, sports, religion and other activities. Nepotism is the practice of showing favoritism toward one’s family members or friends in economic or employment terms. For example, granting favors or jobs to friends and relatives, without regard to merit, is a form of nepotism.

Question 6

Endogamy

Answer 6

Endogamy is the practice of marrying within a specific social group, caste or ethnic group, rejecting those from others as unsuitable for marriage or other close personal relationships. Endogamy is common in many cultures and ethnic groups. The custom of marrying only within the limits of a local community, clan, or tribe.

Question 7

Xenophobia

Answer 7

The fear and distrust of that which is perceived to be foreign or strange. It is also the dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries.

Question 8

Rankism

Answer 8

Rank-based abuse underlies many other phenomena such as bullying, racism, hazing, ageism, sexism, ableism, mentalism, homophobia and transphobia. Rankism is an assertion of superiority. It typically takes the form of putting others down. It’s what “Somebodies” do to “nobodies.”

Question 9

Sexism

Answer 9

Prejudice or discrimination based on a person’s sex or gender.

Question 10

Racism

Answer 10

Prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one’s own race is superior.

Question 11

Ageism

Answer 11

Prejudice or discrimination on the grounds of a person’s age. Ageism is stereotyping and discrimination against individuals or groups on the basis of their age. This may be casual or systematic.

Question 12

Ableism

Answer 12

Discrimination in favour of able-bodied people. Ableism is discrimination and social prejudice against people with disabilities. Ableism characterizes persons as defined by their disabilities and as inferior to the non-disabled. On this basis, people are assigned or denied certain perceived abilities, skills, or character orientations.

Question 13

Elitism

Answer 13

The belief or attitude that individuals who form an elite — a select group of people with a certain ancestry, intrinsic quality, high intellect, wealth, special skills, or experience. The belief that a society or system should be led by an elite. The dominance of a society or system by an elite. The superior attitude or behaviour associated with an elite.

Question 14

Bullying

Answer 14

Seek to harm, intimidate, or coerce (someone perceived as vulnerable). Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious, lasting problems.

Question 15

Victimization

Answer 15

The process of being victimised or becoming a victim. The field that studies the process, rates, incidence, effects, and prevalence of victimisation is called victimology. The action of singling someone out for cruel or unjust treatment. Peer victimisation is the experience among children of being a target of the aggressive behaviour of other children, who are not siblings and not necessarily age-mates. Secondary victimization refers to further victim-blaming from criminal justice authorities following a report of an original victimization.