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Social Studies Test Flash Cards > Social Studies Flashcards Unit 1-3 > Flashcards

Social Studies Flashcards Unit 1-3

To study for the combined test

1
Q

What is a “body of people living in a defined space” ?

A

A state.

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2
Q

The ability to rule absolutely within a territory?

A

Sovereignty

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3
Q

Which type of government has religious law to settle disputes and rule people?

A

Theocracy

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4
Q

What is the type of government where everyone and no one is in charge?

A

Anarchy

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5
Q

A government where a small group of people, usually wealthy business leaders has all the power?

A

Oligarchy

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6
Q

What is a representative democracy?

A

A democratic republic

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7
Q

What is the social contract?

A

Citizens agree to give up some freedom for protection and order [Thomas Hobbes]

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8
Q

John Locke believed natural rights included?

A

Life, liberty, and property

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9
Q

Which philosopher influenced the writers of the Constitution to include the ideas of “separation of powers” into three separate branches of government?

A

Baron De Montesquieu

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10
Q

The oldest document to place limits on the king in English history?

A

Magna Carta

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11
Q

Name two of the principles of the Magna Carta.

A
  1. The right to a fair trial
  2. All men are free and equal
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12
Q

The lawmaking body of England is called?

A

Parliament

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13
Q

The Declaration of Independence states that the ideas of our government should be based on are

A

The consent of the governed

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14
Q

Did most of the work on the Declaration of Independence

A

Thomas Jefferson

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15
Q

Which of the philosophers we studied influenced Jefferson the most when writing the declaration?

A

John Locke

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16
Q

What is 1 provision of the Northwest Ordinance of 1785?

A

It described how western lands were to be sold.

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17
Q

What is 1 provision of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

A

It set up a government for this area called the Northwest Territory

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18
Q

Identify 3 weaknesses of the Congress under the articles of confederation?

A
  1. No power to collect taxes
  2. No power to regulate trade
  3. No power to enforce it’s laws
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19
Q

A is a written form of government

A

Constitution

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20
Q

The first written constitution in America was the

A

Articles of Confederation

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21
Q

At the constitutional convention the plan of government that favored the small states was called?

A

The New Jersey Plan

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22
Q

At the constitutional convention the plan of government that favored the large states was called?

A

The Virginia Plan

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23
Q

The 3/5 Compromise stated that 3/5 of the
in a state should be counted for purposes of taxation and representation?

A

Slaves

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24
Q

The Preamble lists the

A

Goals of the government

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25
To "provide for the common defense" means to
To protect
26
"Our Posterity" is our
People who come after us
27
Which part of the constitution explains the rules for congress?
A: 1 S: 1
28
The part of the constitution that explains the executive branch is
A: 2
29
Which part of the constitution explains the judicial branch of government?
A: 3
30
The part of the constitution that explains the amendment process is
A: 5
31
The main job of the legislative branch is to
Make laws
32
What does bicameral mean?
A legislative consisting of two parts, or houses
33
How many members of congress is there?
535 members
34
A member of the House of Representatives must be at least (age) and (citizenship)
25 years old and a citizen for 7 years
35
A U.S. representative is elected for a term of
2 years
36
The responsibility for impeaching someone lies with
The House of Representitives
37
To accuse an official of some wrong doing or misuse of power is
Impeach
38
Who is the Speaker of the House?
Mike Johnson [R]
39
Who is the House Minority leader?
Hakeem Jefferies [D]
40
A member of the senate must be at least (age) and (citizenship)
30 years old and a citizen for 9 years
41
A U.S senator is elected for a term of
6 years
42
Who is the Majority Leader in the Senate?
Charles Schumer [D]
43
Who is the Senate Minority Leader?
Mitch McConnel [R]
44
The responsibility for trying an impeached official lies with
The Senate
45
Who has the power to print and coin money?
Congress
46
The necessary and proper clause, allowing Congress to stretch their enumerated powers, is also known as
The Elastic Clause: Clause 18
47
List FIVE enumerated powers of Congress.
1. To lay and collect taxes 2. To coin money 3. To regulate foreign commerce 4. To establish post offices 5. To provide and maintain a Navy
48
Who has the power to declare war?
Congress
49
What fraction of congressional votes is needed to override a veto?
2/3 vote of congress
50
Which section of the Constitution lists the enumerated powers of Congress?
A:1 S: 8 Clause: 18
51
Reserved powers are for the
State Governments
52
What type of power is taxation? (Reserved, enumerated. or concurrent)
Concurrent
53
The most important task of the executive branch is to
To carry out / enforce laws passed by Congress
54
How long is one presidential term?
4 years
55
What is it called when state law makers draw districts that benefit one political party?
Gerrymandering
56
What is the difference between a primary and a caucus?
Primary: Individual / choice Caucus: Group decision
57
When is the general election held for a president?
FTAFMN
58
The president is elected by the
Electoral College
59
The is held on January 20th following the vote of the Electoral College.
Inauguration
60
How many electoral college votes does a candidate need to be elected president?
270 votes
61
How many electoral college votes exist in the United State?
538 votes
62
A state's electoral college votes are determined by
The sum of the number of Senators and House of Representative members they have D.C. was given 3 votes
63
How many electoral college votes does Pennsylvania have?
19 votes
64
Which president helped expand the power of the presidency by using executive privilege?
Grover Cleaveland
65
The Attorney General is the head of what department?
The Department of Justice [Merrick Garland]
66
Which cabinet member advises the President on military issues?
Head of the Department of Defense [Lloyd Austin]
67
Anthony Blinken has the Cabinet Position of
Secretary of State
68
What are the 4 original Cabinet Department?
1. Department of State 2. Department of Treasury 3. Department of of Defense [War] 4. Department of Justice / Attorney General
69
The most important task of the judicial branch is to
Decide whether the laws passed by Congress are constitutional
70
What are the 3 levels of the federal court system? [order from top to bottom]
1. Supreme Court 2. Appellate Court 3. Trial Court
71
How many members of the Supreme Court are there?
9 Justices
72
What is the length of the term of office for justices of the U.S. Supreme Court?
Lifetime term
73
List the associate justices of the United States Supreme Court.
Chief Justice John Roberts : Bush 2. Clarence Thomas : Bush 3. Samuel Alito : Bush 4. Sonia Sotomayor : Obama 5. Elena Kagan : Obama 6. Neil Gorsuch : Trump 7. Brett Kavanaugh : Trump 8. Amy Barret : Trump 9. Kentanji Jackson : Biden
74
Which of the Supreme Court Justices was appointed by President Biden?
Kentanji Brown Jackson
75
Who is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court? This person was appointed by what president?
John G. Roberts was appointed by President George W. Bush
76
What was the name of the court case that established the implied power of judicial review for the Supreme Court?
Marbury vs Madison
77
In an appeals court sends a case back to trial court to be retried, the case has been [types of court decisions]
Remand / remanded
78
The Supreme Court's power to declare a law unconstitutional is known as?
Judicial Review
79
To appeal a case means to?
To reconsider the decision of the lower court judge / judges
80
What is the difference between civil and criminal cases?
Criminal : Government vs the criminal Civil : Person vs Person
81
What type of law is used in cases involving members of the armed forces?
Military Law
82
What is an opinion of the court?
A detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court's decision in a case
83
The Safford vs Redding case helped to determine a precedent about the meaning of which amendment?
The 4th Amendment
84
An amendment to the Constitution can be proposed by either the
The Senate or the House of Representatives
84
What fraction of the states must approve/ ratify an amendment to the Constitution?
2/3 of congress
85
What rights are protected by the 1st Amendment?
1. Freedom of Assembly 2. Freedom of Petition 3. Freedom of Speech 4. Freedom of Religion 5. Freedom of Press
86
The 2nd Amendment protects the right to own
Weapons / to bear arms
87
The 4th Amendment protects people and their property from
Unreasonable searches and seizures
87
Which Amendment prohibits double jeopardy [being tried 2x for the same crime]?
Amendment 5
88
The 8th Amendment bans and punishments
Cruel and unusual punishments
89
The 13th Amendment banned
Slavery
90
The Amendment forces the states to apply all laws to all people equally
Amendment 14
91
The 19th Amendment gave the right to vote
Women
92
The only Amendment to ever be repealed was
Amendment 18 : Prohibition of Alcohol
93
The 22nd Amendment limits a president to terms
Two terms
94
The 26th Amendment lowered the voting age to
18 years old
95
The Amendment gives you "implied rights" not specifically listed in the Constitution.
Amendment 9

Social Studies Test Flash Cards (1 decks)

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