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Social Studies Test Flash Cards > Social Studies Flashcards Unit 1-3 > Flashcards

Social Studies Flashcards Unit 1-3

To study for the combined test

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1
Q

What is a “body of people living in a defined space” ?

A

A state.

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2
Q

The ability to rule absolutely within a territory?

A

Sovereignty

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3
Q

Which type of government has religious law to settle disputes and rule people?

A

Theocracy

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4
Q

What is the type of government where everyone and no one is in charge?

A

Anarchy

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5
Q

A government where a small group of people, usually wealthy business leaders has all the power?

A

Oligarchy

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6
Q

What is a representative democracy?

A

A democratic republic

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7
Q

What is the social contract?

A

Citizens agree to give up some freedom for protection and order [Thomas Hobbes]

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8
Q

John Locke believed natural rights included?

A

Life, liberty, and property

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9
Q

Which philosopher influenced the writers of the Constitution to include the ideas of “separation of powers” into three separate branches of government?

A

Baron De Montesquieu

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10
Q

The oldest document to place limits on the king in English history?

A

Magna Carta

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11
Q

Name two of the principles of the Magna Carta.

A
  1. The right to a fair trial
  2. All men are free and equal
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12
Q

The lawmaking body of England is called?

A

Parliament

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13
Q

The Declaration of Independence states that the ideas of our government should be based on are

A

The consent of the governed

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14
Q

Did most of the work on the Declaration of Independence

A

Thomas Jefferson

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15
Q

Which of the philosophers we studied influenced Jefferson the most when writing the declaration?

A

John Locke

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16
Q

What is 1 provision of the Northwest Ordinance of 1785?

A

It described how western lands were to be sold.

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17
Q

What is 1 provision of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

A

It set up a government for this area called the Northwest Territory

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18
Q

Identify 3 weaknesses of the Congress under the articles of confederation?

A
  1. No power to collect taxes
  2. No power to regulate trade
  3. No power to enforce it’s laws
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19
Q

A is a written form of government

A

Constitution

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20
Q

The first written constitution in America was the

A

Articles of Confederation

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21
Q

At the constitutional convention the plan of government that favored the small states was called?

A

The New Jersey Plan

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22
Q

At the constitutional convention the plan of government that favored the large states was called?

A

The Virginia Plan

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23
Q

The 3/5 Compromise stated that 3/5 of the
in a state should be counted for purposes of taxation and representation?

A

Slaves

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24
Q

The Preamble lists the

A

Goals of the government

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25
Q

To “provide for the common defense” means to

A

To protect

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26
Q

“Our Posterity” is our

A

People who come after us

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27
Q

Which part of the constitution explains the rules for congress?

A

A: 1 S: 1

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28
Q

The part of the constitution that explains the executive branch is

A

A: 2

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29
Q

Which part of the constitution explains the judicial branch of government?

A

A: 3

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30
Q

The part of the constitution that explains the amendment process is

A

A: 5

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31
Q

The main job of the legislative branch is to

A

Make laws

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32
Q

What does bicameral mean?

A

A legislative consisting of two parts, or houses

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33
Q

How many members of congress is there?

A

535 members

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34
Q

A member of the House of Representatives must be at least (age) and (citizenship)

A

25 years old and a citizen for 7 years

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35
Q

A U.S. representative is elected for a term of

A

2 years

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36
Q

The responsibility for impeaching someone lies with

A

The House of Representitives

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37
Q

To accuse an official of some wrong doing or misuse of power is

A

Impeach

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38
Q

Who is the Speaker of the House?

A

Mike Johnson [R]

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39
Q

Who is the House Minority leader?

A

Hakeem Jefferies [D]

40
Q

A member of the senate must be at least (age) and (citizenship)

A

30 years old and a citizen for 9 years

41
Q

A U.S senator is elected for a term of

A

6 years

42
Q

Who is the Majority Leader in the Senate?

A

Charles Schumer [D]

43
Q

Who is the Senate Minority Leader?

A

Mitch McConnel [R]

44
Q

The responsibility for trying an impeached official lies with

A

The Senate

45
Q

Who has the power to print and coin money?

A

Congress

46
Q

The necessary and proper clause, allowing Congress to stretch their enumerated powers, is also known as

A

The Elastic Clause: Clause 18

47
Q

List FIVE enumerated powers of Congress.

A
  1. To lay and collect taxes
  2. To coin money
  3. To regulate foreign commerce
  4. To establish post offices
  5. To provide and maintain a Navy
48
Q

Who has the power to declare war?

A

Congress

49
Q

What fraction of congressional votes is needed to override a veto?

A

2/3 vote of congress

50
Q

Which section of the Constitution lists the enumerated powers of Congress?

A

A:1 S: 8 Clause: 18

51
Q

Reserved powers are for the

A

State Governments

52
Q

What type of power is taxation? (Reserved, enumerated. or concurrent)

A

Concurrent

53
Q

The most important task of the executive branch is to

A

To carry out / enforce laws passed by Congress

54
Q

How long is one presidential term?

A

4 years

55
Q

What is it called when state law makers draw districts that benefit one political party?

A

Gerrymandering

56
Q

What is the difference between a primary and a caucus?

A

Primary: Individual / choice
Caucus: Group decision

57
Q

When is the general election held for a president?

A

FTAFMN

58
Q

The president is elected by the

A

Electoral College

59
Q

The is held on January 20th following the vote of the Electoral College.

A

Inauguration

60
Q

How many electoral college votes does a candidate need to be elected president?

A

270 votes

61
Q

How many electoral college votes exist in the United State?

A

538 votes

62
Q

A state’s electoral college votes are determined by

A

The sum of the number of Senators and House of Representative members they have
D.C. was given 3 votes

63
Q

How many electoral college votes does Pennsylvania have?

A

19 votes

64
Q

Which president helped expand the power of the presidency by using executive privilege?

A

Grover Cleaveland

65
Q

The Attorney General is the head of what department?

A

The Department of Justice [Merrick Garland]

66
Q

Which cabinet member advises the President on military issues?

A

Head of the Department of Defense
[Lloyd Austin]

67
Q

Anthony Blinken has the Cabinet Position of

A

Secretary of State

68
Q

What are the 4 original Cabinet Department?

A
  1. Department of State
  2. Department of Treasury
  3. Department of of Defense [War]
  4. Department of Justice / Attorney General
69
Q

The most important task of the judicial branch is to

A

Decide whether the laws passed by Congress are constitutional

70
Q

What are the 3 levels of the federal court system? [order from top to bottom]

A
  1. Supreme Court
  2. Appellate Court
  3. Trial Court
71
Q

How many members of the Supreme Court are there?

A

9 Justices

72
Q

What is the length of the term of office for justices of the U.S. Supreme Court?

A

Lifetime term

73
Q

List the associate justices of the United States Supreme Court.

A

Chief Justice John Roberts : Bush
2. Clarence Thomas : Bush
3. Samuel Alito : Bush
4. Sonia Sotomayor : Obama
5. Elena Kagan : Obama
6. Neil Gorsuch : Trump
7. Brett Kavanaugh : Trump
8. Amy Barret : Trump
9. Kentanji Jackson : Biden

74
Q

Which of the Supreme Court Justices was appointed by President Biden?

A

Kentanji Brown Jackson

75
Q

Who is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court? This person was appointed by what president?

A

John G. Roberts was appointed by President George W. Bush

76
Q

What was the name of the court case that established the implied power of judicial review for the Supreme Court?

A

Marbury vs Madison

77
Q

In an appeals court sends a case back to trial court to be retried, the case has been [types of court decisions]

A

Remand / remanded

78
Q

The Supreme Court’s power to declare a law unconstitutional is known as?

A

Judicial Review

79
Q

To appeal a case means to?

A

To reconsider the decision of the lower court judge / judges

80
Q

What is the difference between civil and criminal cases?

A

Criminal : Government vs the criminal
Civil : Person vs Person

81
Q

What type of law is used in cases involving members of the armed forces?

A

Military Law

82
Q

What is an opinion of the court?

A

A detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court’s decision in a case

83
Q

The Safford vs Redding case helped to determine a precedent about the meaning of which amendment?

A

The 4th Amendment

84
Q

An amendment to the Constitution can be proposed by either the

A

The Senate or the House of Representatives

84
Q

What fraction of the states must approve/ ratify an amendment to the Constitution?

A

2/3 of congress

85
Q

What rights are protected by the 1st Amendment?

A
  1. Freedom of Assembly
  2. Freedom of Petition
  3. Freedom of Speech
  4. Freedom of Religion
  5. Freedom of Press
86
Q

The 2nd Amendment protects the right to own

A

Weapons / to bear arms

87
Q

The 4th Amendment protects people and their property from

A

Unreasonable searches and seizures

87
Q

Which Amendment prohibits double jeopardy [being tried 2x for the same crime]?

A

Amendment 5

88
Q

The 8th Amendment bans and punishments

A

Cruel and unusual punishments

89
Q

The 13th Amendment banned

A

Slavery

90
Q

The Amendment forces the states to apply all laws to all people equally

A

Amendment 14

91
Q

The 19th Amendment gave the right to vote

A

Women

92
Q

The only Amendment to ever be repealed was

A

Amendment 18 : Prohibition of Alcohol

93
Q

The 22nd Amendment limits a president to terms

A

Two terms

94
Q

The 26th Amendment lowered the voting age to

A

18 years old

95
Q

The Amendment gives you “implied rights” not specifically listed in the Constitution.

A

Amendment 9

Social Studies Test Flash Cards (1 decks)

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