Social Studies Final 7 Flashcards
Articles of confederation
November 1777
The first constitution provided for the new central government
Shay’s rebellion
When the farmers rebelled because of the government seizing their land.
James Madison
A Virginia planter who was active in the American revolution union
Virginia plan
A plan which made the house representatives proportional
New Jersey plan
A plan to have each state have one vote
The Great Comprise
An agreement that each state got a certain amount of votes decided by their population
Three-Fifths compromise
Each enslaved person equal three-fifths of a free person
Baron de Montesquieu
A philosopher of the enlightenment
John Locke
English philosopher that believed that all people have natural rights
Checks and balances
Each branch of government had a way to limit the power of one another
Popular sovereignty
Political theory that government is subject to the will of the people
Constitution
Plan of government
Republic
A government in which its rule through elected representatives
John Adams
He was sent to London to discuss the British trade policy
Alexander Hamilton
A New York lawyer who proposed a convention to discuss trade issues
The constitutional convention
A meeting to discuss trade issues with Great Britain
Amend
Improve
People wanted to improve the article of confederation
Federalist vs antifederalist
People who wanted to change the articles of confederation vs the people who didn’t
George Washington 1786
At first was an antifederalist but changed his mind after shays rebellion
Federalism
Sharing power between the federal and state government
Legislative branch
Law making branch
Executive branch
President who carries out the nations laws
Judicial branch
Cory systems/ Supreme Court
Amendment
Something added to a document (bill of rights)
European influences
The United States based their constitution on tactics used by other empires
Preamble
The introduction to a formal document especially the constitution
Precedent
A tradition
George Washington thought that these would shape the nation
Bond
A note issued by the government that promised to pay off a loan with interest
Hamiltons plan to pay back other nations
Tariff
A tax on imports
Meant to protect new American industries
Northwest ordinance
Passed in 1787
Law that Created a single northwest territory north of the Ohio river
John Jay
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court elected by George Washington
Neutrality
Not taking sides
the war between France and Britain
Impressment
To force people who are not apart of your country to serve in your navy
Britain impressed American ships.
Whiskey Rebellion
A tax was put on whiskey and western Pennsylvania was holding a resistance on the tax
Alien and Sedition Acts
It was a law allowing the government to imprison false immigrants
France was sending people into the states to spy so
Sedition
Activities aimed at weakening the established government.
Cabinet
The three departments heads and the attorney general. State department Treasury department War department Attorney general
Thomas Jefferson
Head of the state department and he handled affairs with other nations
Alexander Hamilton
Head of the department of treasury he handled financial matters
National debt
The amount of money owned by the government
At time was very high
Bill of rights
December 1791
First ten amendments in the constitution that limits the power of the government
Unconstitutional
Something that goes against the constitution.
Hamilton’s plan
Created by Alexander Hamilton he created to fix the national debt.
The plan was to borrow money from other states’ industrial development and their commercial activities
Aliens
Immigrants living in the country that were not citizens
States’ Rights
The government can only follow the powers they were granted in the constitution
XYZ Affair
Secret agents sent to France to try to get help from the French against the British
Federalist vs the republicans
People who wanted the national bank and Hamilton’s plan vs the people who didn’t
Washington D.C Location
They moved it to Philadelphia temporality
Washington’s Farewell
When Washington denied his second term as president
John Adams
Second president of the United States that sealed with the problems of Britain
Judicial review
The right of the supreme quart to determine if something isolated the constitution
Judiciary act of 1801
The act set up regional courts for the United States
Napoleon Bonaparte
At the time France’s leader who wanted to created empires in Europe and in the Americas
Zebulon Pike
Lieutenant who led 2 expeditions
He traveled through the upper Mississippi River valley
Embargo act
Prohibited trade with other countries
Used to get back at France and Britain but didn’t work
Nonintercourse Act
The act only prohibited trade with France and Britain
War of 1812
Madison declared war Britain for impressing the American soldiers and ships
Barbary pirates
Pirates were based out of North Africa
War with Tripoli
Tripoli declared war on America because they didn’t want to pay tribute
Privateer
Armed pirate ships
Treaty of Ghent
December 1814
A peace agreement between America and Britain
Fort McHenry
Kept the British from entering Baltimore through the harbor
Patent
Gives the inventor the sole legal right to the invention and profit for a certain period of time
Capitalism
The economic system of the United States
Francis Cabot Lowell
Improved Slater’s process and created a textile mill
Census
The official count of the population
Turnpike
Roads with tolls
Locks
Separate compartments in which compartments were lowered or raised
State sovereignty
The idea that states have the right to governments
Missouri compromise
March 1820
Made Missouri a slave state and Maine a free state
