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Social Studies Final Flashcards

1
Q

Tiberius Gracchus

A

Believed that the trouble started when the small farmers sold their land

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2
Q

Gaius Gracchus

A

Brother of Tiberius Gracchus

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3
Q

Gaius Marius

A

Was a military hero that because part of the consul

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4
Q

Lucius Sulla

A

General that was given a high rank in the military

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5
Q

What changes to the senate did Lucius Sulla make

A

Double the size of the senate

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6
Q

Pompey

A

He was a triumvirate

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7
Q

Julius Caesar

A

Was a triumvirate that hated Pompey

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8
Q

What changes to the senate did Julius Caesar make?

A

He doubled the senate again

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9
Q

Why did people love Julius Caesar

A

People loved him because he established new colonies and gave to the poor

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10
Q

How effective do you think a triumvirate is as a form of government?

A

It’s a little less effective because they might not get along and may not be effective because they won’t have as much power

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11
Q

Augustus

A

Wanted to bring back old school roman government (republic) so he brings the system back

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12
Q

Offices that Augustus holds

A

Consult
Tribune
High priest
Senator

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13
Q

Was Augustus crowned emperor

A

Refused to be crowned emperor but has all of the power of one

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14
Q

What does Augustus do so no one will over power him?

A

Keeps the assembly and government offices and senators to feel honor

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15
Q

Augustus strengthened authority

A

Soldiers must swear an allegiance to him personally

Chose jobs for people based on talent

Expanded the empire to create cataracts

Pays gov workers really well so they wouldn’t tax people

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16
Q

Achievements of Augustus

A

Creates the census

Makes Rome look beautiful

Creates laws to ensure people will behave

Sets up fire department and police

Builds first library

I

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17
Q

How long did Augustus serve for

A

41 years called the Pax Romana

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18
Q

Pax Romana

A

Left Rome at peace for 200 years

Peace increases trade and there were no tariffs

Trade meant more money for Rome and many romans were riches

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19
Q

What could you buy in Italy

A 
Pottery
Cloth 
Wine
Olive oil 
Bronze
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20
Q

Roman Law during Pax Romana

A

Rome wrote new laws that would be fair to newly conquered Romans

Laws started to become fair to everyone

Law had to be reasonable or just so that people would obey

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21
Q

Tiberius Gracchus wanted to do what (land)

A

Divide up the latifundia and give some of the land back to the poor

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22
Q

Gaius Gracchus gave what to the poor

A

Free wheat

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23
Q

The senate had who killed

A

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

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24
Q

Gaius Marius

A

Was a military hero who became consul

Grew up poor but gains power

He had the support of military and poor people

Set up a professional army and changed the laws. He opens up the army to everyone

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25
Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Was another general that had a high enabling. Marius didn't like him
26
Civil war - Marius v. Sulla
Sulla marched his legion into Rome and took control of the city Civil war broke out Sulla won and named himself dictator Believed the problems in Rome were because of the senate so he doubled it to 600
27
When Sulla retired who took over
Julius Caesar
28
Caesar and Pompey
Two triumvirates who were going to control Rome They didn't like each other and Caesar married pompeys daughter Both Pompey and Crassus were mirdered leaving Caesar in charge
29
Julius Caesar
Brought his troops to Rome. He was loved by the people since he established new colonies, helped the poor, built roads, drained swamps and held gladiatorial games Doubled the size of the senate (1200 now) Stopped corruption of the public and and adopted a new calendar which we still use
30
Ides of March
Senate called Caesar to speak to them and when he arrived in March 15, 27 of the senate stabbed him on the floor of the senate
31
Marcus Aurelius
Was an emperor
32
Praetorian Guard
Was the emperors body guard
33
Diocletian
Emperor who tired to save Rome
34
Constantine 1
Another emperor who tried to save Rome
35
Adrianople
Battles where Germany defeated Rome
36
Alaric
He invaded Rome with his Germans soldiers
37
3 major reasons for the fall of Rome
Political Economic Foreign enemies
38
How did the Germans gain control of the empires
Germans gained control of the empire through attacking efficiently Their Calvary was also stronger
39
Dictator
An absolute rule of the state
40
Triumvirate
Was a group of three people who ruled with equal power
41
Emperor
A ruler of an empire
42
Freedmen
Former Slaves
43
Census
Population count
44
Tariffs
Taxes placed on goods entering a country from | Another
45
Juris prudentes
Roman lawyer
46
Inflation
Period when the prices go up and the value of the money goes down
47
Barter
Exchanging goods without using money
48
Rule by divine right
Rule based on a theory that monarchies right to rule comes from God
49
Political reasons for the fall of the empire
Emperors had no written rule about who was to take over the throne. Some were related and some weren't When Marcus Aurelius died the system changed - his son Commundus took over and was hated so his body guards strangled him Praetorian guard sold the throne to the highest bidder For 100 years legions fought to put their own emperor During this time Rome had 37 emperors. Most were murdered
50
Economic reasons for the fall of the empire
Had to raise taxes to pay for the army Romans suffered from inflation on the prices of gold Rome was not getting any money because they didn't have anything to take over r Money was losing its value so people stopped using money all together and they began to barter
51
Foreign enemies lead to the fall of the empire
While Romans fought each other over politics and money they left Rome open to attach. Germany invaded Greece and Gaul Cities started to build walls to protect themselves
52
Diocletian tries to save Rome
Fortified borders Reorganized government Set maximum prices for goods Ordered workers to stay in jobs until death Emperor had policy to rule by divine right (power came from the gods) Empire divided into two parts
53
Constantine 1 tries to save Rome
Sons of workers had to follow their fathers trade Wealthy landowners moved to villas in he country Each villa produced enough food to meet the needs of the estate Moved the capital of the empire from Rome to turkey (Constantinople)
54
The end of the empire
German attacks increased Germany defeated the romans at adrianople Germans had the invention of iron stirrups to make their Calvary stronger then the Romans legions Germany invaded Gaul when the Rhine river froze Burned records and looted cities
55
Cleopatra info
Macedonian Greek decent Last of ptolemies to rule Egypt Only learned Egyptian Everything we know about her was written by her enemies Lots of the stories are gossip legend and propaganda
56
Problems in Egypt
She was 20 when she became queen of Egypt Rules with her brother Ptolemy III She wanted to return Egypt to its glory days and she wanted to be like Pharaoh Thutmas III Cleopatra was banned my by the advisors of Ptolemy Caesar was staying in Egypt at the royal place. Soldiers were given the order to kill Cleo if they saw her - cleopatra arranged for herself to be put in a rug and delivered to Julius caesar. They fell in love
57
Julius Caesar and Cleopatra
Fell in love with each other Cleo convinced Julius to get rid of Ptolemy so she can rule He was defeated and the king drowned in the Nike In Egypt Julius was as powerful as a god or king Cleopatra moves to Rome With Julius with their son this causes a scandal because he already had a wife Everyone thought that the capital of would change from Rome to Alexandra and got mad. He was murdered
58
After Caesars death
Cleo back to Egypt Mark Antony had the job that they Caesar had so another triumvirate was formed...mark Anthony, Octavian and lepidus
59
Mark Anthony & Cleopatra
Cleopatra refuses to meet mark Anthony but does. He thinks she is beautiful and they fell In love They have three children in ten years During this time Mark keeps the peace by marrying Octavian sister but then Octavian gets mad because he is cheating on his sister with Cleo Anthony divorces Octavia and Octavian declares war
60
Antony v Octavian
Antony is supposed to battle Octavian with the help of cleopatra njt she makes a run for it with gold silver and jewels She sails away leaving Mark alone until he followers her and ditches his troops. Octavian spread gossip about Anthony calling him a ship burner
61
The end of Cleo
Cleo makes a tomb to hid in. She pretends she is dead. When Anthony goes and doesn't see her. He thinks she has died so he stabs himseld. The Slaves tell him she is alive and he goes to see her and dies. Cleopatra is supposed to a prisoner of Octavian but she kills herself first by asking for a poisonous snake. It bites her and she die
62
The after math of Cleo
Octavian changes his name to Augustus and becomes Emperor Son of Caesar and Cleo is killed but the children of Cleo and Antony survive The tombs of Antony Cleo and Alexander the Great were destroyed

Social studies (2 decks)

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