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Social Studies South America > Social Studies Final > Flashcards

Social Studies Final Flashcards

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1
Q

The ______ ______ is the largest and second longest river in the world.

A

Amazon River

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2
Q

The ___________ nearly bisects the continent of South America.

A

Tropic of Capricorn

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3
Q

________ is the world’s highest navigable lake at an altitude of 12,500 feet.

A

Titicaca

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4
Q

The South American region near the equator has a ______ climate.

A

Tropical

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5
Q

True or False

South America is connected to Central and North America at the Isthmus of Panama.

A

TRUE

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6
Q

True or False

The majority of the continent of South America has an Highland climate.

A

FALSE

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7
Q

True or False

The Andes make up the world’s longest mountain range.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

True or False

South America is known for its vast rain forest area, especially along the Andes Mountains.

A

FALSE

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9
Q

The world’s highest waterfall is ____ ____ in __________.

A

Angel Falls, Venezuela

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10
Q

In some parts of South America’s _______ ______, no rainfall has ever been recorded.

A

Atacama Desert

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11
Q

_______ is the name given to a large part of the population who are descended from the Native Americans, the Spanish, and the Portuguese.

A

Mestizo

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12
Q

The _____ is used for transportation, hauling heavy loads, wool and meat.

A

llama

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13
Q

The capital of the Inca Empire was called _______.

A

Cuzco

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14
Q

The South America is made up of __ countries and _ dependencies.

A

12 and 2

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15
Q

True or False
The South American countries continued to be colonies of European nations until they achieved independence beginning in the early 1800s.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

True or False

Portuguese is the official language of most of South America.

A

FALSE

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17
Q

True or False

Over 5,000 species of birds live in South America.

A

FALSE

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18
Q

True or False

The Incas developed terrace farming and a large system of roads.

A

TRUE

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19
Q

Over 90% of the population of South America follow the _____ ________ religion.

A

Roman Catholic

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20
Q

_________ _______ led the Spanish invaders against the Incas.

A

Francisco Pizarro

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21
Q

______ is South America’s largest country.

A

Brazil

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22
Q

_____ is South America’s largest city and is the third-largest city in the world.

A

Sao Paulo

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23
Q

_______ has the world’s largest deposits of platinum and supplies about 90% of the world’s emeralds.

A

Colombia

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24
Q

The ________ _______ are 600 miles west of Ecuador and are located directly on the Equator.

A

Galapagos Islands

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25
Q

True or False

The capital and largest city of Uruguay is Asuncion.

A

FALSE

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26
Q

True or False

About 80% of Columbia’s export income is from flowers.

A

FALSE

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27
Q

True or False

The Andes Mountains contain many valuable minerals, including copper, gold, iron ore, lead, silver, and zinc.

A

TRUE

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28
Q

True or False

Galapagos is the Spanish word for tortoise.

A

TRUE

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29
Q

Brazil borders all but two South American countries, _____ and _______.

A

Chile and Ecuador

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30
Q

The southern part of Argentina is a high plain named ______.

A

Patagonia

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31
Q

When Christianity began to develop as a religion, the ______ was the strongest power in the Western world.

A

Roman Empire

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32
Q

Christianity was the official religion of Rome by ___.

A

391

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33
Q

Paul and the others who traveled and gained _____ were called missionaries.

A

converts

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34
Q

Many of Jesus’s lessons were delivered through telling of stories called ________.

A

parables

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35
Q

True or False

A martyr is someone who suffers death rather than giving up his or her beliefs.

A

TRUE

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36
Q

True or False

Paul, one of the Apostles, is credited with establishing Christianity in Rome.

A

FALSE

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37
Q

True or False

By 1054, the Eastern Greek Orthodox church and Roman Catholic Church became united.

A

FALSE

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38
Q

Jesus was born around the year 1 AD in ________, a city in Judea.

A

Bethlehem

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39
Q

Jesus, who was Jewish, was baptized by a Jewish prophet known as ______________.

A

John the Baptist

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40
Q

Constantine issued the ________, the law that ended persecution of Christians within the Roman Empire.

A

Edict of Milan

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41
Q

The _____ armies brought the Black Death to China and then to the rich Italian trading city of Caffa, located on the Black Sea.

A

Mongol

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42
Q

The _____ was also known as the Black Death.

A

bubonic plague

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43
Q

Using ______, the Mongols through dead plague victims over the city walls of Caffa.

A

catapaults

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44
Q

A small group of Italian sailors escaped Caffa and sailed back to _______ taking the bubonic plague with them.

A

Genoa

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45
Q

True or False

The bubonic plague had two forms, one infecting the victim’s blood and the other infecting the victim’s lungs.

A

TRUE

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46
Q

True or False

Many records suggest that the Black Death killed about one-third of Europe’s population in the 1300s.

A

TRUE

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47
Q

True or False

The Black Death spread quickly and easily throughout Europe and Asia because of the fleas from infected dogs.

A

FALSE

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48
Q

Before the plague, Europe was still a ______ society and as the labor force began to shrink, it began to fall apart.

A

feudal

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49
Q

Some people believe that the plague was a punishment from ______.

A

God

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50
Q

The Black Death affected the ______, ______, and _______ systems of Europe.

A

social, political, economic

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51
Q

In the 500s, the Byzantine Empire was Christian and controlled the Holy Land. However, in the 600s, _________ conquered this land.

A

Muslim Arabs

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52
Q

The _____ began in 1095, after the Byzantine emperor asked Pope Urban || for help fighting against the Turks and capturing the Holy Land from the Muslims.

A

Crusades

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53
Q

In 1099, an army made up of mostly French and Norman knights attacked ______, an important city in the Holy Land and captured the city.

A

Jerusalem

54
Q

From 1337 to 1453, the Hundred Years’ War raged between the French and English who were fighting over control of ______.

A

France

55
Q

True or False
In 1071, a new group of rulers, the Seljuk Turks, took over the Holy Land and began to limit Christian use of religious sites.

A

TRUE

56
Q

True or False
In 1144, Muslim Turks captured three of the Christian states and threatened the other one. This action started the Second Crusade.

A

FALSE

57
Q

True or False

During the Hundred Years’ War, the French won most of the battles.

A

FALSE

58
Q

Richard ||| of England, Philip || of France, and Frederick | of Germany tried to defend the cities of Tyre, Tripoli, and and Antioch and they also wanted to recapture Jerusalem. So, they started the _____ ________.

A

Third Crusade

59
Q

After a failed Fourth Crusade, strengthened by their belief in God, thousands of ___ travel to the Holy Land in 1212 in an event called the __________ __________.

A

them, Children’s Crusade

60
Q

The ______ used advanced weapons, such as the cannon and by 1453 won the Hundred Years’ War.

A

French

61
Q

During the Early Middle Ages, two tribes controlled the kingdom of England. They were the _____.

A

Angles and the Saxons

62
Q

_______ is remembered as a wise and fair ruler because he organized the government, wanted to stop corruption, clearly explain the duties of royal officials, set strict penalties for counterfeiting, and outlawed duels.

A

Louis IX

63
Q

In 1469, Prince Ferdinand and Princess Isabella married and united the kingdoms of __________.

A

Aragon and Castile

64
Q

In 1547, ______ was the Grand Prince of Moscow and became the first to rule all of Russia.

A

Ivan IV

65
Q

True or False

William of Normandy and his Norman knight killed King Harold and defeated his forces at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.

A

TRUE

66
Q

True or False
In the early 800s, Charlemagne was the king of the Franks, a group of people who lived in the region that is now Spain and were ancestors of the Spanish people.

A

FALSE

67
Q

True or False

The troops of Ferdinand and Isabella defeated the Muslims in Granada in Navarre which ended Muslim control in Spain.

A

TRUE

68
Q

In the 800s, ________ defeated Danish invaders and united the regions of England into one Anglo-Saxon country.

A

King Alfred

69
Q

King John made laws and decrees that angered the nobles because they believe the laws were unfair. In 1215, and group of barons and church officials forced King John to agree to a written document about governing in which he gave up some royal power called _________.

A

Magna Carta

70
Q

The Spanish Inquisition took place in many Christian countries, including ______, _______, and _____.

A

France, Germany, and Italy

71
Q

The Middle Ages in Europe lasted from about _________.

A

500 AD to 1500 AD

72
Q

The term Middle Ages comes from ______.

A

medieval

73
Q

During the 800s, the ruler ______ managed to reunite many small new kingdoms into an empire.

A

Charlemagne

74
Q

Soon after Charlemagne died in 814, a political and military system called ________ developed.

A

feudalism

75
Q

True or False

Knights were professional soldiers who were loyal to their lord.

A

TRUE

76
Q

True or False

A pleasant was the ruler of a kingdom.

A

FALSE

77
Q

True or False

In the manorialism system, at the center of each fief was the lord’s home, called a plantation.

A

FALSE

78
Q

A _____ was a person who was allowed to have a house and a plot of land in return for rent paid to their lord.

A

serf

79
Q

During the High Middle Ages (1000-1300), the economy of Europe began to grow stronger and a ________ class began to arise.

A

merchant

80
Q

During the Late Middle Ages, the four powerful kingdoms which developed into nation-states were _____, ___________, _______, and _______.

A

England, France, Spain, and Russia

81
Q

Peru is located in which region of South America?

A

the western region

82
Q

The wooden balconies of Lima’s colonial buildings, several centuries old, have not rotted away. What is the reason?

A

the dry coastal climate

83
Q

True or False

The Incas built terraces on steep slopes to make it easier to grow crops.

A

TRUE

84
Q

Peru’s transportation system is limited by its ________.

A

geography

85
Q

What makes Iquitos a unique city in Peru.

A

It can be reached only by air or water.

86
Q

The Jivaro tribes were popularized in Hollywood movies for their _______.

A

poison blowguns

87
Q

Lake Titicaca is the ________ navigable lake in the world.

A

highest

88
Q

In the 1920s, Peru gained a freedom that the United States has always enjoyed. Which freedom is it?

A

freedom of religion

89
Q

Which fabled “lost city” was the center of Incan religion?

A

Machu Picchu

90
Q

Why does the sun rise and set in Ecuador at 6:00 every day, 365 days a year?

A

because it is on the equator

91
Q

True or False

Petroleum makes up the bulk of Ecuador’s production and income.

A

false

92
Q

The southern part of the ______ region of Ecuador is an arid desert.

A

Costa

93
Q

What is slowly forcing the Indians of Ecuador from their native lands?

A

modern civilization

94
Q

What is the official language of Ecuador?

A

Spanish

95
Q

What feature makes it easy to figure out to which tribe an Otovalo Indian belongs?

A

their hats

96
Q

Half of Ecuador’s population is employed in _______.

A

agricultural work

97
Q

How did Ecuador solve its transportation problem between the Sierra and the Costa?

A

It built a railroad.

98
Q

The Galapagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to formulate his theory of ________.

A

evolution

99
Q

The first European explorers came to Brazil from _______.

A

Portugal

100
Q

Scientist hope to use the rare plants of Amazonia to develop new _________.

A

medicines

101
Q

True or False

The Jesuit missionaries of Salvador de Bahia enslaved the native population.

A

FALSE

102
Q

Brasilia, located in the Highlands region of Brazil, is well known for its _______ architecture.

A

futuristic

103
Q

What natural resource would Brazil need to import from other countries?

A

oil

104
Q

Iguacu Falls helps Brazil’s economy by ______.

A

attracting tourist

105
Q

Though Paraguay and Uruguay are different in many ways,they have similar ______.

A

landscapes

106
Q

Why did the Jesuit priests organize the Guarani Indians into townships?

A

to protect them from slave traders

107
Q

Why is nearly 95 percent of the population of Paraguay mestizo?

A

Spanish settlers were encouraged to take Indians wives.

108
Q

The Itaipu Dam will make Paraguay the world’s leading exporter of ______.

A

electricity

109
Q

What is the biggest reason Paraguay is one of South America’s least industrialized nations?

A

lack of good transportation

110
Q

Unlike most other Latin American nations, only 66 percent of the people of Uruguay claim to be ________.

A

Roman Catholics

111
Q

The permanence of institutions in Uruguay is demonstrated by _____.

A

having the longest tradition of democratic government in South America

112
Q

True or False

The main base of Uruguay’s economy comes from tourism.

A

FALSE

113
Q

Both Paraguay and Uruguay share similar economic problem. What is it?

A

their small size

114
Q

Chile is South America’s _____ country.

A

longest

115
Q

What has provided upward mobility for many middle-class and some lower-class Chilean citizens?

A

secondary education

116
Q

How did Augusto Pinochet become the leader of Chile?

A

through a military coup

117
Q

True or False

Though Chile grows many of its own vegetables, so must be imported from other countries.

A

FALSE

118
Q

Empanadas are Chile’s version of ______.

A

fast food

119
Q

What does the long coastline allow Chile to be?

A

one of the top 10 fishing regions

120
Q

Why is Puerto Montt so important for travel to the far southern region?

A

It is impossible to travel the route by land.

121
Q

Why have so many Germans immigrated to the Lake District of Chile?

A

The region has many similarities to their homeland.

122
Q

Bolivia’s altiplano region is known ___.

A

to be heavily populated

123
Q

True or False

Hydrofoils have replaced reed boats as the main carriers of cargo and passengers on Lake Titicaca.

A

TRUE

124
Q

What has changed from a symbol of oppression into a Bolivian symbol of cultural pride?

A

the bowler hat

125
Q

The least-populated area of Bolivia is _____.

A

the lowlands

126
Q

What extreme type of action has tried to stop the democratic government of Bolivia?

A

military troops

127
Q

What is buried in the cornerstones of most buildings in Bolivia to bring good luck?

A

a dried llama fetus

128
Q

What major Bolivian export took the place of silver in the early 1800s?

A

tin

129
Q

What makes the highland valleys of Sucre and Cochabamba ideal places to live in Bolivia?

A

the climate

130
Q

Some people believe that Tiahuanaco may be the ______ city in the world.

A

oldest

Social Studies South America (1 decks)

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