Social Studies Final Flashcards
1
Q
The ______ ______ is the largest and second longest river in the world.
A
Amazon River
2
Q
The ___________ nearly bisects the continent of South America.
A
Tropic of Capricorn
3
Q
________ is the world’s highest navigable lake at an altitude of 12,500 feet.
A
Titicaca
4
Q
The South American region near the equator has a ______ climate.
A
Tropical
5
Q
True or False
South America is connected to Central and North America at the Isthmus of Panama.
A
TRUE
6
Q
True or False
The majority of the continent of South America has an Highland climate.
A
FALSE
7
Q
True or False
The Andes make up the world’s longest mountain range.
A
TRUE
8
Q
True or False
South America is known for its vast rain forest area, especially along the Andes Mountains.
A
FALSE
9
Q
The world’s highest waterfall is ____ ____ in __________.
A
Angel Falls, Venezuela
10
Q
In some parts of South America’s _______ ______, no rainfall has ever been recorded.
A
Atacama Desert
11
Q
_______ is the name given to a large part of the population who are descended from the Native Americans, the Spanish, and the Portuguese.
A
Mestizo
12
Q
The _____ is used for transportation, hauling heavy loads, wool and meat.
A
llama
13
Q
The capital of the Inca Empire was called _______.
A
Cuzco
14
Q
The South America is made up of __ countries and _ dependencies.
A
12 and 2
15
Q
True or False
The South American countries continued to be colonies of European nations until they achieved independence beginning in the early 1800s.
A
TRUE
16
Q
True or False
Portuguese is the official language of most of South America.
A
FALSE
17
Q
True or False
Over 5,000 species of birds live in South America.
A
FALSE
18
Q
True or False
The Incas developed terrace farming and a large system of roads.
A
TRUE
19
Q
Over 90% of the population of South America follow the _____ ________ religion.
A
Roman Catholic
20
Q
_________ _______ led the Spanish invaders against the Incas.
A
Francisco Pizarro
21
Q
______ is South America’s largest country.
A
Brazil
22
Q
_____ is South America’s largest city and is the third-largest city in the world.
A
Sao Paulo
23
Q
_______ has the world’s largest deposits of platinum and supplies about 90% of the world’s emeralds.
A
Colombia
24
Q
The ________ _______ are 600 miles west of Ecuador and are located directly on the Equator.
A
Galapagos Islands
25
True or False
| The capital and largest city of Uruguay is Asuncion.
FALSE
26
True or False
| About 80% of Columbia's export income is from flowers.
FALSE
27
True or False
| The Andes Mountains contain many valuable minerals, including copper, gold, iron ore, lead, silver, and zinc.
TRUE
28
True or False
| Galapagos is the Spanish word for tortoise.
TRUE
29
Brazil borders all but two South American countries, _____ and _______.
Chile and Ecuador
30
The southern part of Argentina is a high plain named ______.
Patagonia
31
When Christianity began to develop as a religion, the ______ was the strongest power in the Western world.
Roman Empire
32
Christianity was the official religion of Rome by ___.
391
33
Paul and the others who traveled and gained _____ were called missionaries.
converts
34
Many of Jesus's lessons were delivered through telling of stories called ________.
parables
35
True or False
| A martyr is someone who suffers death rather than giving up his or her beliefs.
TRUE
36
True or False
| Paul, one of the Apostles, is credited with establishing Christianity in Rome.
FALSE
37
True or False
| By 1054, the Eastern Greek Orthodox church and Roman Catholic Church became united.
FALSE
38
Jesus was born around the year 1 AD in ________, a city in Judea.
Bethlehem
39
Jesus, who was Jewish, was baptized by a Jewish prophet known as ______________.
John the Baptist
40
Constantine issued the ________, the law that ended persecution of Christians within the Roman Empire.
Edict of Milan
41
The _____ armies brought the Black Death to China and then to the rich Italian trading city of Caffa, located on the Black Sea.
Mongol
42
The _____ was also known as the Black Death.
bubonic plague
43
Using ______, the Mongols through dead plague victims over the city walls of Caffa.
catapaults
44
A small group of Italian sailors escaped Caffa and sailed back to _______ taking the bubonic plague with them.
Genoa
45
True or False
| The bubonic plague had two forms, one infecting the victim's blood and the other infecting the victim's lungs.
TRUE
46
True or False
| Many records suggest that the Black Death killed about one-third of Europe's population in the 1300s.
TRUE
47
True or False
| The Black Death spread quickly and easily throughout Europe and Asia because of the fleas from infected dogs.
FALSE
48
Before the plague, Europe was still a ______ society and as the labor force began to shrink, it began to fall apart.
feudal
49
Some people believe that the plague was a punishment from ______.
God
50
The Black Death affected the ______, ______, and _______ systems of Europe.
social, political, economic
51
In the 500s, the Byzantine Empire was Christian and controlled the Holy Land. However, in the 600s, _________ conquered this land.
Muslim Arabs
52
The _____ began in 1095, after the Byzantine emperor asked Pope Urban || for help fighting against the Turks and capturing the Holy Land from the Muslims.
Crusades
53
In 1099, an army made up of mostly French and Norman knights attacked ______, an important city in the Holy Land and captured the city.
Jerusalem
54
From 1337 to 1453, the Hundred Years' War raged between the French and English who were fighting over control of ______.
France
55
True or False
In 1071, a new group of rulers, the Seljuk Turks, took over the Holy Land and began to limit Christian use of religious sites.
TRUE
56
True or False
In 1144, Muslim Turks captured three of the Christian states and threatened the other one. This action started the Second Crusade.
FALSE
57
True or False
| During the Hundred Years' War, the French won most of the battles.
FALSE
58
Richard ||| of England, Philip || of France, and Frederick | of Germany tried to defend the cities of Tyre, Tripoli, and and Antioch and they also wanted to recapture Jerusalem. So, they started the _____ ________.
Third Crusade
59
After a failed Fourth Crusade, strengthened by their belief in God, thousands of ___ travel to the Holy Land in 1212 in an event called the __________ __________.
them, Children's Crusade
60
The ______ used advanced weapons, such as the cannon and by 1453 won the Hundred Years' War.
French
61
During the Early Middle Ages, two tribes controlled the kingdom of England. They were the _____.
Angles and the Saxons
62
_______ is remembered as a wise and fair ruler because he organized the government, wanted to stop corruption, clearly explain the duties of royal officials, set strict penalties for counterfeiting, and outlawed duels.
Louis IX
63
In 1469, Prince Ferdinand and Princess Isabella married and united the kingdoms of __________.
Aragon and Castile
64
In 1547, ______ was the Grand Prince of Moscow and became the first to rule all of Russia.
Ivan IV
65
True or False
| William of Normandy and his Norman knight killed King Harold and defeated his forces at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
TRUE
66
True or False
In the early 800s, Charlemagne was the king of the Franks, a group of people who lived in the region that is now Spain and were ancestors of the Spanish people.
FALSE
67
True or False
| The troops of Ferdinand and Isabella defeated the Muslims in Granada in Navarre which ended Muslim control in Spain.
TRUE
68
In the 800s, ________ defeated Danish invaders and united the regions of England into one Anglo-Saxon country.
King Alfred
69
King John made laws and decrees that angered the nobles because they believe the laws were unfair. In 1215, and group of barons and church officials forced King John to agree to a written document about governing in which he gave up some royal power called _________.
Magna Carta
70
The Spanish Inquisition took place in many Christian countries, including ______, _______, and _____.
France, Germany, and Italy
71
The Middle Ages in Europe lasted from about _________.
500 AD to 1500 AD
72
The term Middle Ages comes from ______.
medieval
73
During the 800s, the ruler ______ managed to reunite many small new kingdoms into an empire.
Charlemagne
74
Soon after Charlemagne died in 814, a political and military system called ________ developed.
feudalism
75
True or False
| Knights were professional soldiers who were loyal to their lord.
TRUE
76
True or False
| A pleasant was the ruler of a kingdom.
FALSE
77
True or False
| In the manorialism system, at the center of each fief was the lord's home, called a plantation.
FALSE
78
A _____ was a person who was allowed to have a house and a plot of land in return for rent paid to their lord.
serf
79
During the High Middle Ages (1000-1300), the economy of Europe began to grow stronger and a ________ class began to arise.
merchant
80
During the Late Middle Ages, the four powerful kingdoms which developed into nation-states were _____, ___________, _______, and _______.
England, France, Spain, and Russia
81
Peru is located in which region of South America?
the western region
82
The wooden balconies of Lima's colonial buildings, several centuries old, have not rotted away. What is the reason?
the dry coastal climate
83
True or False
| The Incas built terraces on steep slopes to make it easier to grow crops.
TRUE
84
Peru's transportation system is limited by its ________.
geography
85
What makes Iquitos a unique city in Peru.
It can be reached only by air or water.
86
The Jivaro tribes were popularized in Hollywood movies for their _______.
poison blowguns
87
Lake Titicaca is the ________ navigable lake in the world.
highest
88
In the 1920s, Peru gained a freedom that the United States has always enjoyed. Which freedom is it?
freedom of religion
89
Which fabled "lost city" was the center of Incan religion?
Machu Picchu
90
Why does the sun rise and set in Ecuador at 6:00 every day, 365 days a year?
because it is on the equator
91
True or False
| Petroleum makes up the bulk of Ecuador's production and income.
false
92
The southern part of the ______ region of Ecuador is an arid desert.
Costa
93
What is slowly forcing the Indians of Ecuador from their native lands?
modern civilization
94
What is the official language of Ecuador?
Spanish
95
What feature makes it easy to figure out to which tribe an Otovalo Indian belongs?
their hats
96
Half of Ecuador's population is employed in _______.
agricultural work
97
How did Ecuador solve its transportation problem between the Sierra and the Costa?
It built a railroad.
98
The Galapagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to formulate his theory of ________.
evolution
99
The first European explorers came to Brazil from _______.
Portugal
100
Scientist hope to use the rare plants of Amazonia to develop new _________.
medicines
101
True or False
| The Jesuit missionaries of Salvador de Bahia enslaved the native population.
FALSE
102
Brasilia, located in the Highlands region of Brazil, is well known for its _______ architecture.
futuristic
103
What natural resource would Brazil need to import from other countries?
oil
104
Iguacu Falls helps Brazil's economy by ______.
attracting tourist
105
Though Paraguay and Uruguay are different in many ways,they have similar ______.
landscapes
106
Why did the Jesuit priests organize the Guarani Indians into townships?
to protect them from slave traders
107
Why is nearly 95 percent of the population of Paraguay mestizo?
Spanish settlers were encouraged to take Indians wives.
108
The Itaipu Dam will make Paraguay the world's leading exporter of ______.
electricity
109
What is the biggest reason Paraguay is one of South America's least industrialized nations?
lack of good transportation
110
Unlike most other Latin American nations, only 66 percent of the people of Uruguay claim to be ________.
Roman Catholics
111
The permanence of institutions in Uruguay is demonstrated by _____.
having the longest tradition of democratic government in South America
112
True or False
| The main base of Uruguay's economy comes from tourism.
FALSE
113
Both Paraguay and Uruguay share similar economic problem. What is it?
their small size
114
Chile is South America's _____ country.
longest
115
What has provided upward mobility for many middle-class and some lower-class Chilean citizens?
secondary education
116
How did Augusto Pinochet become the leader of Chile?
through a military coup
117
True or False
| Though Chile grows many of its own vegetables, so must be imported from other countries.
FALSE
118
Empanadas are Chile's version of ______.
fast food
119
What does the long coastline allow Chile to be?
one of the top 10 fishing regions
120
Why is Puerto Montt so important for travel to the far southern region?
It is impossible to travel the route by land.
121
Why have so many Germans immigrated to the Lake District of Chile?
The region has many similarities to their homeland.
122
Bolivia's altiplano region is known ___.
to be heavily populated
123
True or False
| Hydrofoils have replaced reed boats as the main carriers of cargo and passengers on Lake Titicaca.
TRUE
124
What has changed from a symbol of oppression into a Bolivian symbol of cultural pride?
the bowler hat
125
The least-populated area of Bolivia is _____.
the lowlands
126
What extreme type of action has tried to stop the democratic government of Bolivia?
military troops
127
What is buried in the cornerstones of most buildings in Bolivia to bring good luck?
a dried llama fetus
128
What major Bolivian export took the place of silver in the early 1800s?
tin
129
What makes the highland valleys of Sucre and Cochabamba ideal places to live in Bolivia?
the climate
130
Some people believe that Tiahuanaco may be the ______ city in the world.
oldest
