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Social Studies Final Flashcards

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1
Q

What was Washington’s view on foreign policy?

A

The US should not take an active role in international affairs because it would drag us into war. This was difficult because France and Britain were both seizing and taking our trade ships.

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2
Q

Election of1796

A

John Adams was president and Thomas Jefferson was the vice president and this was so hard because they were from two different political parties

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3
Q

Election of 1800

A

Jefferson and Burr each received 73 electoral votes. It as a tie… The House of Reps decided after 4 days and 36 votes… Jefferson became the president and Burr became the Vice President!

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4
Q

1796 and 1800 result?

A

Both made 12th amendment. Which was that citizens would vote for president and vice president separately.

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5
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

We purchased Louisiana from France. Napoleon sold the Louisiana territory because he needed money for his costly wars in Europe.

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6
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A

Ex. Europeans were to leave Latin America alone.

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7
Q

Disputed election of 1824 (corrupt bargain

A

winner was chosen by the House of Reps—John Q. Adams, Corrupt bargain.

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8
Q

Spoils system

A

the practice of rewarding supporters with government jobs

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9
Q

Trail of Tears

A

result of the Indian Removal Act- Cherokee Indians were forced to leave land in Georgia and walk to Oklahoma —thousands died along the way.

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10
Q

Manifest destiny

A
  • The portrait below illustrastes an idea or belief
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11
Q

“Forty-Niners”

A

the people in California during the Gold Rush

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12
Q

Mexican Session

A

the pink shared area on the map represents the territory known as ____

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13
Q

Battle of the Alamo

A

rallying cry-“REMEMBER THE ALAMO”.

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14
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A

treaty that ended the Mexican War

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15
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

(mid-1800’s) idea that each territory could decide for itself whether or not to allow slavery.

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16
Q

Missouri Compromise
* Who proposed it?
* Terms of Compromise

A
  • Who proposed it? Henry Clay
  • Terms of Compromise- to keep the number of slave and free states equal.
  • Missouri would enter as a slave state and Maine would enter as a free state. Drew imaginary line through Louisiana purchase territory. North of the line was free and south of the line was slaved.
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17
Q

Compromise of 1850- know the 5 parts

A
  1. California would enter Union as a free state.
  2. Divided the rest of the Mexican Cession into New Mexico and Utah. (popular sovereignty)
  3. Ended the slave trade in Washington DC (congress would have no power over slade trade between slave states
  4. Strict fugitive slave law
  5. Settled border disputes between Texas and New Mexico
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18
Q

Fugitive Slave Law-

A
  • Required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves.
  • If anyone lets a fugitive escape…. $1,000 fine and jail time.
  • Special courts were created to handle cases – NO suspects were allowed jury trial.
  • Northerners were forced to return all fugitive slaves.
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19
Q

Kansas Nebraska Act- Stephen Douglas’s role

A
  • Proposed by Senator Stephen Douglas. 1854 – Law that established the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, giving the settlers the right of popular sovereignty to decide on the issue of slavery. President Franklin Pierce and Stephen Douglas helped push through Congress. Divided the Louisiana Purchase territory into two parts where they had popular sovereignty. Missouri Compromise was null and void. **
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20
Q

Bleeding Kansas-

A

Why this nickname? The nickname of Kansas because of the guerilla warfare that took place throughout 1856. The violence broke out because of the rivalry between proslavery and antislavery settlers

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21
Q

John Brown-

A

A violent abolitionist (against slavery) who murdered 5 men in Kansas.

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22
Q

Border Ruffian

A

Proslavery bands from Missouri who often battled antislavery forces in Kansas. Proslavery who rode from Missouri to Kansas to battle anti-slavery forces.

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23
Q

Supreme Court case-Dred Scott (outcome/judgement)
All parts

A
  • Dred Scott was enslaved in Missouri for many years.
  • He moved with his owner to Illinois and then to Wisconsin where slavery was banned.
  • They eventually moved back to Missouri where Scott’s owner died.
  • Scott filed a lawsuit and argued that because he had lived in free territory, he had become a free man.
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24
Q

2 major results of dred scott supreme court case

A
  • Supreme Court stated that Scot could not file a suit because slaves were not citizens (slaves were considered property)
  • The Court did not have the power to outlaw slavery in any territory – The Missouri Compromise, according to the Court, was unconstitutional.
  • (This meant slavery was legal in all territories)
25
Q

Harriet Tubman

A

Underground Railroad- Slave who escaped through the Underground Railroad. Leader.

26
Q

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A
  • Author – Harriet Beecher Stowe.
  • Impact on North – Made them against slavery. Happy. Showed that slavery was a moral evil, very bad.
  • Impact on South – Furious. Made them think they looked like monsters.
27
Q

Lincoln’s House Divided Speech- basic message

A
  • All about slavery.
  • The south was scared because they feared that he would take away slavery and they would have to pay their workers. This would affect the economy.
  • The last line is most important.
  • All or nothing
28
Q

Significance of Fort Sumter, SC

A
  • The Confederates attacked Fort Sumter on April 11, 1861.
  • The Union commander, Major Robert Anderson was forced to surrender on April 13, 1861.
  • This sparked the beginning of the Civil War!!!
29
Q

Conductor-

A

people helping and leading the underground railroad

30
Q

Passenger-

A

slaves escaping through the underground railroad.

31
Q

Stations

A

safe places where the slaves could hide through the day

32
Q

South Strengths: defensive

A
  1. They were fighting to defend their homeland—gave them a strong reason to fight.
  2. They knew the Southern countryside better.
  3. The land was wooded—the Confederates used this for cover from Union troops.
33
Q

South Weaknessess: (economic and political problems)

A
  1. Few factories produce weapons. ‘
  2. Few railroads to move troops and supplies.
  3. Small population – 9 million compared to 22 million in Union.
  4. Confederate government had a hard time getting things done – confederate constitution favored states’ rights and limited power of government.
34
Q

North Strengths: offensive

A
  1. Bigger population- more people to fight, make weapons, grow crops for food.
  2. More factories and railroads= weapons/moving troops
  3. Strong navy- many trading ships
35
Q

North Weakness-

A

Military challenge- instead of defending homes, they were invading unfamiliar land.

36
Q

Northerner goals-

A

to keep everyone together
1. Control the Mississippi river
2. Take over Richmond Virginia the capital of the south
3. Wanted to blockade the southern ports.

37
Q

Emancipation Proclamation- When? Why then? define?
impact on war?

A

Who issued: Abraham Lincoln
* When: (after the battle of Antietam)
* Why then: So, we could win a battle and not look weak and desperate.
* Define emancipate: to set free
* Lincoln’s political goal: to keep everyone together and united only the slaves in the confederate states were free.
* Impact on War: England stopped helping the south.

38
Q

Ulysses S. Grant

A

union commander at Vicksburg and Appomattox Courthouse. Nicknames were Unconditional Surrender Grant and the Butcher. He wanted to destroy the south to end the war

39
Q

Robert E. Lee-

A

commander of the confederates at Appomattox Courthouse and Gettysburg

40
Q

Jefferson Davis-

A

president of the confederacy during Fort Sumter

41
Q

General George Meade

A
  • commander of the Union during Gettysburg
42
Q

General George Pickett

A

one of Lee’s righthand man @ Gettysburg

43
Q

Battles of Vicksburg-

A

Union commander – grant
Confederate commander- Pemberton
Significance- the north had control of the entire Mississippi river
Union win

44
Q

Gettysburg-
Commanders?
Winner?
Significance?

A

Union commander- George C. Meade
Confederate commander- Lee
Day 1- union held strong
Day 2- union held strong
Day 3- pickets charge
Winner- Union
Significance- turning point of the war because the south (conf) never won never one a battle ever again.

45
Q

Total war-

A

Total war- (not- “Only soldiers also citizens) everyone in the south is involved and everyone is in danger.

46
Q

General Sherman-

A

-“March to the Sea”- he destroyed everything in the south

47
Q
  • Reconstruction plans
A

10% Plan (Lincoln, easy); Wade-Davis (harsh). Created by the republicans Wade-Davis (harsh to south).

48
Q
  • Radical Republicans-
A

their goals for Reconstruction- to ensure that the freed man received the right to vote

49
Q
  • Andrew Johnson-
A

succeeded Lincoln

50
Q

13

A
  • ban on slavery throughout the nation
51
Q

14

A

guarantees equal protection of the laws (citizenship for African Americans)

52
Q

15

A

African Americans are given the right to vote

53
Q

Freedman

A

ex slaves

54
Q

Carpetbagger

A

northerner who came to the south after the war

55
Q
  • Black Codes
A

difference between, southern laws that severely limited the rights of African Americans after the civil war. Examples: Poll tax, Literacy
tests

56
Q
  • Jim Crow Laws
A

laws pasted by southern governments that separated people by race. Example: segregated schools

57
Q
  • Supreme Court case- Plessy vs Ferguson-
A

outcome/judgement) Plessy lost. The supreme court allows segregation.

58
Q
  • Election of 1876- electoral vote controversy between Hayes and Tilden.
A

20 disputed votes. Hayes needed 20 and Tilden needed 1. All 20 were given to Hayes because he agreed to end reconstruction.

59
Q

Thunder-

A

sound that follows a flash of lightning.

Social Studies (1 decks)

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