social studies ch 3 Flashcards
an area of land surrounded by water on three sides
peninsula
peninsula in southern greece on which the city of sparta and the sanctuary of olympia were located
peloponnesus
a narrow strip of land that connects to larger areas of land
isthmus
people from the western fertile crescent who traded with throughout the mediterranean and brought the alphabet to the greeks
phoenicians
system of writing in which symbols representing sounds are combined to form words
alphabet
the main part of a country or territory
mainland
having a rough, jagged or uneven surface
rugged
established or brought into being
founded
broke down or ended suddenly
collapsed
ruler of all the greek gods
zeus
highest mountain in greece and home of the 12 most important greek gods
mount olympus
story that people tell to explain their beliefs
myths
athletic competitions held every four years at olympia as apart of a festival to honor zeus
olympics
long poems about gods and heroes
epics
short story usually involving an animal that tells a moral lesson
fable
greek word for city/city-state
polis
a government in which the upper classes have most the power
aristocracy
a form of government in which the few rule
oligarchy
a ruler who took power unlawfully
tyrant
a form of government in which the citizens make decisions either directly or through elected representatives
democracy
to banish a person for a city for a period of 10 years
ostracize
person who is loyal to and protected by a state or nation
citizen
city-state located in attica
athens
citystate located on the peloponnesus
sparta
