Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

snarder > social studeisddv > Flashcards

social studeisddv Flashcards

1
Q

Charles Cornwallis

A
  • commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence
  • British commander who surrendered to Washington at Yorktown, October 19, 1781
  • The General (British) set up base at Yorktown on the Chesapeake Bay.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nathan Hale

A
  • Patriot
  • Had a great role in the Battle of Long Island.
  • Disguised himself as a Dutch school teacher and spied on the British troops during the Battle of Long Island
  • He was caught and hung by the British.
  • “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Treaty of Paris

A
  • A peace treaty that was signed September 3, 1783 -Ended the Revolutionary War (following the colonial victory at the Battle of Yorktown, 1781).
  • It was an agreement between the U.S. and Britain to end the Revolutionary War
  • Great Britain would now recognize the U.S. as an independent nation
  • Britain promised to remove all troops from American territory
  • Americans were given fishing rights off the coast of Canada.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Continental Congress (powers they had and didn’t have)

A
  • Could not raise money through taxes

- Served as the national government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name of treaty where the British recognized the U.S. as an independent nation

A

-Treaty of Paris, Sept. 3, 1783

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Spain’s involvement

A
  • Provided money and supplies
  • Declared war on Great Britain in 1778
  • Do not form alliance with America
  • Helped in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida
  • Kept British troops from fighting the Americans
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Washington crosses the Delaware

A
  • Christmas, 1776 - Washington and 2,400 troops cross this place and surprise the enemy at Trenton
  • Marched to Princeton and scattered the British force (Washington escapes)
  • Main British force is settled in NY
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When did France realize that the United States might win the war?

A
  • Saratoga

- Proved to be a turning point in the war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Strategies of the British & Patriot armies throughout the war (including changes, locations, etc.) (Patriots)

A
  • Guerrilla Warfare tactics
  • Hide in forest
  • Wait out Redcoats
  • Slowly pick the numbers off
  • Stealthy
  • Use the enviornment to their advantage
  • Use Alllies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bunker Hill

A

-Place where Americans showed the British that they would not be easily defeated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

British and Patriot army

British:

A

+Disciplined soldiers
+Money
+Troops were well-trained and well-supplied
+Hired German Hessians (mercenaries) to fight for them, giving them for numbers
+Seemed to have most of the advantages
+Had the most powerful navy in the world
+Vast resources
+Large army (42,000 soldiers)
+Had the backing of colonial Loyalists and most Native Americans
+Wealth of worldwide empire
-took time to import troops and supplies
Colonist:
+ fighting on home turf
-Outnumbered (20,000 soldiers)
-Often w/out sufficient supplies (like shoes and gunpowder)
-Many of the soldiers in the army only enlisted for months at a time
+Had the leadership of General George Washington
+They were fighting for what they believe highly and strongly in, independence
+Had motivation
+Alliances
+Warfare strategies, Guerrilla Warfare tactics
-inexperienced/untrained
-difficulty raising money
-loyalist
-1/2 population didn’t want to fight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Casimir Pulaski

A
  • Polish American soldier. Known as the father of American Calvary.
  • Served next to George Washington, and provided financial and war aid to the Continental Army
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

John Adams

A
  • A colonial leader
  • A member of Congress
  • One of the delegates who was sent to Paris to work out a treaty and helped to get it ratified later on.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Strategies of the British & Patriot armies throughout the war (including changes, locations, etc.) (British)

A

British:

  • March in straight line
  • Contain revolutionary sentiment to Massachusetts
  • 3-pronged battle plan
  • British wanted to and plan to seize control of Albany (to control the Hudson River and cut off New England from the Middle Colonies) by using (In 1777) a 3-pronged battle plan
  • Burgoyne lead troops south from Canada
  • St. Leger move east from Lake Ontario
  • Howe move north up the Hudson
  • Seize Albany, New York and gain control of the Hudson River and cut off New England from the Middle Colonies
  • British General William Howe plans to capture Philadelphia because it was home of the Continental Congress
  • Howe could have possibly captured members of the Congress
  • September, 1777. Howe’s troop capture the city (of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania)
  • The British soldiers then try to use the harsh winters of 1776-1777
  • This fails
  • Patriots stop the three-pronged battle plan and capture/force Howe, Burgoyne, and lieutenant Colonel Barry St. Leger.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Boston

A
  • Known as “the birthplace of the American Revolution”
  • When the war started Boston became an important military objective to both the British and the colonists
  • Where everything happened (Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party, etc.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Kings Mountain

A
  • 1780 Revolutionary War battle in South Carolina in which Patriots defeated a Loyalist militia
  • During this battle, the American militia force killed or captured a British-led Loyalist force of about 1,000.
  • The Patriot victory brought new support for independence from Southerners.
17
Q

Guilford Courthouse

A
  • Nathaniel Greene combined his forces (his army was split in two before)
  • In March, he met Cornwallis’s army at this place (which is present-day Greensboro, North Carolina), -Greene’s army was forced to retreat, but the British sustained great losses in the process.
18
Q

Yorktown

A
  • American and French troops bombard this place with cannon fire
  • Cornwallis is trapped
  • October 19, 1781 -Cornwallis surrenders,
  • Last major battle of the war
  • British leaders are forced to resign
  • New leaders begin to negotiate a peace treaty,
  • War has ended
  • Independence has been declared from Britain
19
Q

Charles Town, SC

A
  • May 1780
  • considered biggest American loss
  • British General Henry Clinton led a force into the South in early 1780.
  • In May, he led a second British attack here. This time the city surrendered and the British took thousands of prisoners.
20
Q

Thaddeus Kosciuszko

A
  • Polish general of the Continental Army

- Organized and helped to build the important defenses in the war

21
Q

Saratoga

A
  • The turning point of the American Revolution.
  • France decided to help the Americans.
  • Burgoyne fails to reach Albany; needing supplies captured Fort Ticonderoga
  • Burgoyne sent troops to Vermont
  • Defeated their by Ethan Allen and Green Mountain Boys; Burgoyne retreats to this location
  • Burgoyne is in alone at this location
  • Important victory for the Americans.
  • Burgoyne surrendered to American forces causing the British three-pronged attack plan to capture Albany to fail
22
Q

North Carolina

A
  • In 1776, Patriot forces crushed Loyalists at the Battle of Moore’s Creek, near Wilmington, (this state/colony)
  • They also saved the key port of Charleston, South Carolina, from the British.
  • This colony/state became a battleground for an ongoing civil war between local Patriots and Tories
23
Q

Georgia

A
  • Georgians were hesitant to join Revolution

- Loyalists and the British were strong here

24
Q

Philadelphia

A

-The largest city in Pennsylvania and, at the time of the American Revolution, was the largest and most important city in America.

25
Q

Savannah, GA

A
  • 1778
  • British land in Savannah
  • British easily take Georgia
  • British general Henry Clinton sent 3,500 troops from New York to here.
  • This ended with the British occupying the coastal city and controlling most of the state.
26
Q

John Jay

A
  • Served in the Continental Congress
  • A diplomat
  • Helped to negotiate a peace treaty (Treaty of Paris)
27
Q

Friedrich von Steuben

A
  • Military leader from Prussia
  • Trained the Continental Army during the winter at Valley Forge
  • Fought with/for the Continental Army
28
Q

Joseph Brant

A
  • Mohawk war chief

- Led a number of brutal attacks in southwestern New York and northern Pennsylvania.

29
Q

Peter Salem

A

-Enslaved African American from Massachusetts
got into armu
-In return for his service, he won his freedom.

30
Q

Comte de Rochambeau

A
  • The commander of the thousands of French troops that helped out the Patriots in the Battle of Yorktown.
  • Himself, Lafayette, and Washington all commanded their troops successfully in the Battle of Yorktown after the incredibly secret advance to Yorktown (instead of New York) to end in an American victory.
31
Q

Henry Hamilton

A
  • British commander in Detroit
  • Paid Native Americans for settlers’ scalps.
  • This earned him the nickname, the “hair buyer.”
32
Q

Benjamin Franklin

A
  • American writer, publisher, scientist, inventor, and diplomat
  • Secured French aid, advocated colonial unity, helped the U.S. gain many allies
33
Q

Marquis de Lafayette

A
  • French
  • Came to the U.S. in 1777 when he was 19 years old
  • Liked the ideas of declaring independence from Britain/the Declaration of Independence
  • a volunteer soldier who became a trusted aide to General George Washington
  • One of the leaders at Valley Forge,
  • Wanted to join the battle for independence
  • In April 1781 Cornwallis and his troops marched toward North Virginia, his troops carried out raids throughout the region
  • Washington sent him and General Anthony Wayne south to push Cornwallis back.
  • He had Cornwallis pinned down on a peninsula also known as Yorktown.
34
Q

Margaret Corbin

A
  • From Pennsylvania, went with her husband when he joined the Continental Army
  • After he died in battle she took his place.
35
Q

Betsy Ross

A
  • American seamstress

- Said to have made the first American flag at the request of George Washington

36
Q

Benedict Arnold

A
  • United States general and traitor against the Patriots in the American Revolution
  • His soldiers stopped St. Leger at Fort Stanwix, New York (Saratoga)

snarder (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions