social stratification sociologists

Question 1

davis and moore

Answer 1

they explored how society ensures people perform the right roles, they argued that social strat is fair and natural, that society pay for functionally important roles and that inequal rewards are good and lead to competition

Question 2

criticisms of davis and moore

Answer 2

what about the nhs, they are on a low wage however they are an extremely functionally important roles with which they save lives.
salary and status- footballers being paid more than doctors
meritocracy and inequality- why do men get paid more even if they arent necessarily as talented

Question 3

karl marx

Answer 3

2 classes
lower class/proletariat
upper/middle class/ bourgeoisies
class is determined by your relationship to the means of production, e.g. whether you work for it or own parts of it

Question 4

criticisms of karl marx

Answer 4

outdated- it leaves out the middle class which is extremely relevant in society today

Question 5

marx weber

Answer 5

4 classes
property owners- small, wealthy minority who own property
professionals- middle class who work in high paying jobs
petty bourgeosie- small business owners/ skilled workers
the working class- manual labourers, unskilled workers
class is determined by your market situation/ what you can offer

Question 6

goldthorpe and lockwood

Answer 6

the idea of a new working class
the new working class was more individualistic but it still has some communal ties. they were supportive of capitalism- they work to provide money for themselves. they are more likely to move for work and they were slowly starting to vote more conservative

Question 7

fiona devine

Answer 7

community as a value was still very strong.
values weren’t solely individualistic
found that whole families and communities move together
working class became more affluent
no evidence of privatised instrumentalism

Question 8

peter townsend

Answer 8

people are in poverty when they lack the resources to obtain the types of diet, participate in the activities and have the living conditions and amenities which are customary or at least widely encouraged or approved

Question 9

charles murray

Answer 9

policies were intended to help the poor but actually made the situation worse
creates a culture of dependency where people become reliant on the welfare state and are incentivised not to work hard and achieve

Question 10

sylvia walby

Answer 10

walby argues that patriachy has evolved over time.l whils in the early 20th century it was about men directly controlling their wives or daughters in the home. but because women become have more freedom to be a part of the public sphere. patriachy is now more complex and happens throughout wider society.
sexuality
the state
the household housework
violence
paid work