Social psychology

Question 1

The error of overestimating the influence of personality and underestimating the influence of situational factors.

Answer 1

fundamental attribution error

Question 2

Are we are more likely to make the fundamental attribution error when judging others’ behavior or our own?

Answer 2

We make this error more with others’ actions (especially strangers)

Question 3

fundamental attribution error

Answer 3

The error of overestimating the influence of personality and underestimating the influence of situational factors.

Question 4

We make this error more when judging the cause of others’ actions (especially strangers) than explaining our own behavior.

Answer 4

fundamental attribution error

Question 5

We tend to blame situational factors when explaining our own behavior, but blame disposition for others’ actions. This is called the __________ bias.

Answer 5

actor-observer bias

Question 6

actor-observer bias

Answer 6

We tend to blame situational factors when explaining our own behavior, but blame disposition for others’ actions. This is called the __________ bias.

Question 7

People tend to say the cause of positive events is their own disposition (they earned good things), but tend to say the cause of negative events are situational factors. This is called the _________ bias.

Answer 7

self-serving bias

Question 8

self-serving bias

Answer 8

People tend to say the cause of positive events is their own disposition (they earned good things), but tend to say the cause of negative events are situational factors. This is called the _________ bias.

Question 9

This is the study of how situations, our perceptions of situations, and the influence of others affect our behavior.

Answer 9

Social psychology

Question 10

Social psychology

Answer 10

This is the study of how situations, our perceptions of situations, and the influence of others affect our behavior.

Question 11

This is the tendency for people to agree to doing a large action because they have previously agreed to doing a smaller action.

Answer 11

Foot-in the-door phenomenon

Question 12

Foot-in the-door phenomenon

Answer 12

This is the tendency for people to agree to doing a large action because they have previously agreed to doing a smaller action.

Question 13

Philip Zimbardo conducted this controversial experiment which tested how being told to play a certain role affects behavior.

Answer 13

The Stanford Prison Experiment

Question 14

The Standford Prison Experiment was conducted by _______ and tested the impact of _________ on human behavior.

Answer 14

Philip Zimbardo conducted this controversial experiment which tested how being told to play a certain role affects behavior.

Question 15

When our actions do not agree with our thoughts/beliefs we experience discomfort. We then change our beliefs so that they are more consistent with our actions. This process is called ________ theory.

Answer 15

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Question 16

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer 16

When our actions do not agree with our thoughts/beliefs we experience discomfort. We then change our beliefs so that they are more consistent with our actions.

Question 17

Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to match a group norm.

Answer 17

Conformity

Question 18

Conformity

Answer 18

Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to match a group norm.

Question 19

This study tested whether participants would go along with the group’s wrong answer when comparing line lengths.

Answer 19

Solomon Asch Conformity study

Question 20

Solomon Asch Conformity study

Answer 20

This study tested whether participants would go along with the group’s wrong answer when comparing line lengths.

Question 21

The Chance of conforming to a group’s norms go up when: 1.) you feel ________[secure/insecure] about your status 2.) the group has at least ____ [#] people in it 3.) the group is _______ [unanimous/has varied opinions]

Answer 21

1.) insecure 2.) three 3.) unanimous

Question 22

This study tested whether participants would be willing to give high voltage shocks to a stranger simply because an authority told them to administer the shocks.

Answer 22

Stanley Milgram Study

Question 23

Stanley Milgram Study

Answer 23

This study tested whether participants would be willing to give high voltage shocks to a stranger simply because an authority told them to administer the shocks.

Question 24

Milgram discovered that people were more likely to obey commands when: 1.) the person giving orders was perceived as a ________ [legitimate/bogus] authority 2.) the authority figure was _______ [supported/not supported] by an prestigious institution 3.) the victim was _______ [in the same room / in another room}

Answer 24

1.) legitimate 2.) supported 3.) in another room

Question 25

Social facilitation

Answer 25

We tend to perform well-learned actions better in front of others

Question 26

We tend to perform well-learned actions better in front of others. This is called ______.

Answer 26

Social facilitation

Question 27

We tend to try less hard in group tasks. This is called _______.

Answer 27

Social loafing

Question 28

Social loafing

Answer 28

We tend to try less hard in group tasks.

Question 29

We sometimes abandon normal restraints when we can hide behind a group identity. (like dressing up in sports gear or using an anonymous username). This is called _____.

Answer 29

De-individuation

Question 30

De-individuation

Answer 30

We sometimes abandon normal restraints when we can hide behind a group identity. (like dressing up in sports gear or using an anonymous username).

Question 31

group polarization

Answer 31

If a group is like-minded, discussions and time spent together will strengthen its prevailing opinions.

Question 32

If a group is like-minded, discussions and time spent together will strengthen its prevailing opinions. This is called ________.

Answer 32

group polarization

Question 33

The desire for harmony in the group can override a realistic appraisal of alternatives and critical thinking. This called ______.

Answer 33

groupthink

Question 34

groupthink

Answer 34

The desire for harmony in the group can override a realistic appraisal of alternatives and critical thinking.

Question 35

Groupthink can often be avoided if the leader actively ______ [states their own opinions / asks for criticism of possible plans]

Answer 35

asks for criticism of possible plans

Question 36

Individuals, or small groups, can have tremendous power to sway the majority and change social history. This is called ________.

Answer 36

Minority influence

Question 37

Two key factors to successful minority influence are ___ and ____

Answer 37

confidence and consistency

Question 38

This is a mixture of beliefs and emotions based on pre-judgments about members of a group.

Answer 38

prejudice

Question 39

This is the result of negative actions based on prejudiced beliefs.

Answer 39

discrimination

Question 40

prejudice

Answer 40

a mixture of beliefs and emotions based on pre-judgments about members of a group.

Question 41

discrimination

Answer 41

the result of negative actions based on prejudiced beliefs.

Question 42

We are biased to think that members of our _______[ingroup/outgroup] are best and that members of the ________ [ingroup/outgroup] are inferior.

Answer 42

ingroup ; outgroup

Question 43

To boost our own sense of status or make us feel like we have control over situations, we find an easy target to blame. This is called _______.

Answer 43

Scapegoating

Question 44

Scapegoating

Answer 44

To boost our own sense of status or make us feel like we have control over situations, we find an easy target to blame.

Question 45

These four factors tend to increase the likelihood that we will be attracted to someone.

Answer 45

1.) Close proximity 2.) physical attractiveness 3.) many similar personality traits, interests, and beliefs 4.) they like us (reciprocity)

Question 46

Repeated exposure to novel stimuli will increase our liking for them. This is called ________.

Answer 46

the mere exposure effect

Question 47

mere exposure effect

Answer 47

Repeated exposure to novel stimuli will increase our liking for them.

Question 48

True or false? Physically attractive people have no advantage over unattractive people when it comes to hiring and salary.

Answer 48

False. Physically attractive people and well-dressed people are far more likely to make a good first impression on potential employers.

Question 49

True or false? Physical attractiveness is not related to self-esteem or happiness.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

True or false? Passionate love is usually sustained in most long-lasting relationships.

Answer 50

False.

Question 51

After time, passionate love usually transforms into ____ love.

Answer 51

companionate love

Question 52

True or false? The most gratifying and long-lasting of relationships usually consist of one person who gives much more than the other person.

Answer 52

False. The most gratifying and long-lasting of relationships are usually based on an equity of giving and taking between both people.

Question 53

The unselfish regard for the welfare of others is called _____.

Answer 53

altruism

Question 54

altruism

Answer 54

The unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Question 55

In order for us to be most likely to help others, we must have these three things occur

Answer 55

1.) notice the incident 2.) interpret it as an emergency 3.) assume responsibility for helping

Question 56

This theory says that we help others because we think we will more likely to receive help from them later if we do.

Answer 56

reciprocity norm

Question 57

Some say we help others because the rewards are internal, not external. We called these rewards ____.

Answer 57

intrinsic

Question 58

This theory says we help others if the benefits of helping them outweigh the costs of helping them.

Answer 58

social exchange theory