Social Psychology Flashcards
attitude
feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events.
other-race effect
the tendency to recall faces of one’s own race more accurately than faces of other races. Also called the cross-race effect and the own-race bias.
role
a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave.
altruism
unselfish regard for the welfare of others.
social loafing
the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable.
passionate love
an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.
social-responsibility norm
an expectation that people will help those dependent upon them.
just-world phenomenon
the tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
normative social influence
influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.
peripheral route persuasion
occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker’s attractiveness.
superordinate goals
shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.
group polarization
the enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group.
equity
a condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it.
self-disclosure
revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.
social exchange theory
the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs.
attribution theory
the theory that we explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation or the person’s disposition.
mere exposure effect
the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them.
