Social Psychological explanations - SLT

Question 1

Who proposed SLT?

Answer 1

Albert Bandura

Question 2

Which ‘o’ is vital for SLT to work?

Answer 2

observation

Question 3

Which ‘i’ is key to SLT?

Answer 3

imitation

Question 4

Aggression is more likely to be imitated if a child observes what consequences of for aggression shown by somebody else?

Answer 4

If the aggression is rewarded, imitation is more likely

Question 5

Give two examples of such reward

Answer 5

Increase in self-esteem/respect of others

Question 6

What type of reinforcement is learning through the consequences of somebody else’s behaviour?

Answer 6

Vicarious reinforcement

Question 7

What is the acronym for remembering the four stages of SLT?

Answer 7

ARRM

Question 8

What are the four stages?

Answer 8

Attention, retention, reproduction, motivation

Question 9

Explain attention.

Answer 9

An individual must have seen a behaviour in order to imitate it.

Question 10

Explain retention.

Answer 10

An individual must have remembered the behaviour in order to imitate it.

Question 11

Explain reproduction.

Answer 11

An individual must be physically able to reproduce the behaviour. It is all very well seeing it and remembering it, but if they are unable to physically perform the behaviour, they will be unable to imitate it.

Question 12

Explain motivation.

Answer 12

An individual must be motivated to reproduce the behaviour. For example, if they see a role model rewarded for their behaviour, they will be more likely to be motivated to repeat it themselves.

Question 13

Identify 3 studies into SLT.

Answer 13

Bandura et al 1961/Bandura, Ross and Ross 1963 and Williams 1981.

Question 14

Explain Bandura et al 1961.

Answer 14

Bobo doll study. 72 participants. Boys and girls. Stanford University. Some saw a role model being aggressive towards a bobo doll, others saw a non-aggressive model. Children most likely to imitate when they see a role model rewarded. Most likely to imitate a same-sex model.

Question 15

Explain Bandura, Ross and Ross 1963

Answer 15

Bobo doll.Three conditions. Model rewarded, model punished and no consequences. Those who saw model rewarded were more likely to imitate behaviour. Then, all children given a reward if they could imitate. There were no differences between the group when this occurred.

Question 16

Explain Williams

Answer 16

Studied levels of physical and verbal aggression in a Canadian community after the introduction of TV. Found levels of aggression increased post-introduction

Question 17

EVALUATION: Identify grenaaadess associated with SLT

Answer 17

Too simplistic, deterministic, supporting research, applications, cultural issues.

Question 18

Why is the approach too simplistic?

Answer 18

Ignores alternative approaches, such as the genetic explanation.

Question 19

How could you argue being too simplistic isn’t all negative?

Answer 19

Allows you to study in detail and suggest practical applications.

Question 20

Why is it deterministic?

Answer 20

It suggests that if you observe a role model being aggressive, you will be yourself. There is no free will.

Question 21

What applications are there to this theory?

Answer 21

Can educate people to be good role models. Remove young children from aggressive environments.

Question 22

What cultural issues are there with this theory?

Answer 22

Kung San tribe support the idea of social learning theory. In their tribe aggressive/punishment is discouraged and consequently there is very little aggression shown in their culture.