Social Psych Flashcards
the tendency for observers when analyzing other’s behavior, to underestimate the impact of situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition
Fundamental Attribution Error
Occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts
Central Route Persuasion
Occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker’s attractiveness
Peripheral Route Persuasion
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Foot-in-the-door
People are more likely to agree to a small request after they have refused a larger request
Door-in-the-face
An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them.
Reciprocity Norm
The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsisent. (Attitudes and actions clash)
Cognitive Dissonance
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in decision-making overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
Groupthink
The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group
Group Polarization
The loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.
Deindividualism
Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others
Social Faciliation
The tendency of people in a group to exert less effort when putting their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
Social loafing
The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get
Just world phenomenon
The principle that frustration - the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal- creates anger, which can generate aggression
Frustration Aggression Principle
The deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined
Companionate love
An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a romantic relationship
Passionate love
Unselfish regard for welfare of others
Alturism
The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
Mere exposure effect
The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
Hawthrone effect
The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize cost
Social exchange theory
The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present
Bystander effect
The tendency for individuals to feel diminished responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by others who are acting the same way
Diffusion of Responsibility
Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation
Superordinate goals
A form of compliance that occurs when people follow direct commands, usually from someone in a position of authority.
Obedience
Adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Conformity
Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Normative Social Influence
Influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept other’s opinion about reality
Informative Social Influence
A belief that leads to its own fulfillment
Self-fulfilling prophecy
