Social Policy: 1940-1964 Flashcards
wa)What did the Education Act 1936 implement and b) what report was this based of and c) what happened to this act?
a) Raising of school age (ROSA) to 15 in 1939
b) Hadow report 1926 suggested the ROSA
c)ROSA was postponed due to war breaking out in 1939
a)What did the Butler Act 1944 do? b) Which government passed it
a) Established a ministry of education
-the 11+ exam (hadow report)
-tripartite education (gold,silver bronze)
-Established nursery, primary and secondary education
-ROSA
b) Conservative
How much had spending on education increased from 1947-1958?
-it doubled
What was a problem of the type of education students receiving?
-Percy report (1945) and Barlow report (1946) both acknowledged that Britain needed more scientific students and subjects, rather than classics
What fraction of children had a chance of passing their 11+?
-1/10
a) How much had the amount of technical schools decreased by and b) consequences
a) decreased from 319 (1948) to 266 (1960)
b) no alternative to academic schools which meant alot of people did not have qualifications if they did not get into grammar school
Which school took exams that led to Higher education?
-Grammar schools - they took GCEs
a)What percentages of students took GCE’s (only grade that was good for employers and HE) b) CSEs (useless) and c) how many were unqualified?
a) 20%
b) 40%
c) 40%
Of the 18 yr olds in HE, what percentage were W/C?
-4% - W?C practically excluded from HE
In 1964, how many pupils in secondary moderns were entered into A-levels?
-318
What did the Newesome report identify?
-Identified a waste of talent caused by an unequal education system.
What did the Family allowance act of 1945 do?
-payment for children and was not means tested
What did the National Insurance Act 1936 do?
-rationalised National Insurance: extended to everyone
-twice as many benefits as 1911
a)What was benefit spending in 1950 b) what was defence spending ?
a)4.4% of GDP (more than double the 1938 figure)
b)10%-14% GNP (much higher than benefit spending)
What did Rowntree observe in York in 1951 and B) apart from better benefit spending, what else could this be because of?
a)Reduction in poverty
b) Policy of full employment prevented poverty, not the social reforms
What was a reason for poverty and b) what stat supports this?
a) Low pensions
b) 5m pensioners in poverty (40% of the poor) and 3m pensioners did not claim national assistance because they did not know about it
a) was the NHS act 1946 implemented and b) what did it do?
a)1948
b) NHS free at point of entry
-Biggest employer in Europe
What event meant dentistry and spectacles were not free as part of the NHS?
-Korean war rearmament meant Gaitskell introduced prescription charges
What helped limit the initial demands on the NHS?
-Post-war demographic was mostly young and thus healthy
How much did public spending on health increase by from 1938 to 1951?
-More than doubled from 1938 - 1.6% of GDP to 3.4% in 1951( MORE MONEY SPENT ON DEFENSE)
What did the Guillebrand committee 1953 find?
-health care spending measured in GDP was declining and more hospitals were built in the IWYs
What type of services were under-resourced?
-“Cinderellas services” -care services under local authority after conservatives made hospitals more diagnostic centres
What increased the demand on the NHS?
-People reporting their “dandruff syndrome”- little insignificant problems
How many homes were a) destroyed and b) made uninhabitable by WW2?
a) 200,000
b) 250,000
