Social Learning Theory - 01/11/23 Flashcards
What does Social Learning Theory explain? (2)
1) It explains behaviour that includes both indirect and direct reinforcement
2) combines learning theory with cognitive factors
In SLT what does there need to be for an observer to watch?
Role Model
What does Role Model provide an example of?
Provides example of behaviour that can be observed and reproduced by imitation
What is imitation in SLT dependent on?
It’s dependent on the reinforcement a model receives
If a model experiences positive reinforcement, what is the observer more likely to do?
They’re more likely to imitate that behaviour, because they want to be rewarded
If a model experiences punishment, what is the observer less likely to do?
They’re less likely to imitate that behaviour, because they don’t want punishment
What does Vicarious Reinforcement mean?
When a reinforcement isn’t directly experienced by individual themselves, but happens by someone else being punished/reinforced for a behaviour.
What does Internal Mediational Process do?
Bridges gap between learning and cognitive theories
What are the 4 steps of Mediational Processes (4)
You need to:
1) Pay attention to behaviour
2) Retain that behaviour
3) Observer reproduces behaviour
4) Observer must be motivated to reproduce that behaviour which is based off vicarious reinforcement
What is Attention?
Th extent to which we notice certain behaviours
What is retention?
How well a behaviour is remembered
What does attention and retention relate to?
The learning of behaviour
By who is the behaviour reproduced by?
Observer
What must the observer be motivated to do?
Perform the behaviour
What is motivation?
The will to perform a behaviour, which is often determined by whether the behaviour was rewarded or punished
What is motor reproduction?
It’s the ability of the observer to perform a behaviour
What is motivation and motor reproduction related to?
It’s related to the performance of the behaviour
For the behaviours of a role model to be remembered what does the individual need to do?
He needs to identify with the role model
How can an individual identify with role model?
They must feel like they’re similiar to that person (gender, age) and want to be like them
Which experiment investigated Role Models and when?
1) Bandura’s Research
2) 1961
Describe Aim of Bandura’s Research
To demonstrate aggression can be learnt from modelling
Describe Methods of Bandura’s Research (4)
1) 3-5 year old
2) 72 children partook
3) Equal number of boys and girls in 3 groups
4) Half saw male models and half saw female models
Describe results of Bandura’s Research (3)
1) Children copied and were aggressive
2) Boys were influenced more
3) Girls imitated more physical aggression with male models and more verbal aggression with female models
What are the similarities of Behaviourism and SLT?
1) Both fall under learning approaches umbrella
2) Both acknowledge that learning comes via experience
3) Both believe that learning can happen directly
What are the differences between Behaviourism and SLT? (1 Diff)
1) SLT recognises that learner plays active role in learning
2) Behaviourism assumes that learner simply responds passively to environment
What are the differences between Behaviourism and SLT? (2 Diff)
1) SLT recognises a difference between acquisition and performance of behaviour
2) Behaviourism argues that performance and learning are the same thing and behaviour is only learned if used
