SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Flashcards
refer to organized set of elements such as beliefs rules etc that exist to attain social order
social institutions
elements of social institutions
- institutional approach
- relational approach
ordered set of rules norms etc that organize human behavior
institutional approach
focuses on social relations rather than rules norms etc
relational approach
analyzing social institutions
it is important on how to determine how their different elements are organized into a coherent whole
reinforce one another rather then conflict with one another
tenets
primary examples of social institutions
family economy education health religion nonstate institutions
vital social institutions
family
is a group of people who are related by birth marriage and shared residences
family
he considered the family as having arisen from man’s desire to leave something of himself behind
aristotle
kinds of families
nuclear families
extended families
reconstituted families
families that are composed if parents and children
nuclear families
composed of nuclear family and other relatives
extended families
composed of spouses and their children from a previous marriage
reconstituted families
social structure defined by relations among individuals linked by blood or marriage ties
kinship
types of kinship
matrilineal kinship- female line
patrilinelal kinship- male line
bilineal kinship- both male and female lines
culture specific
marriage
types of marriage
monogamous - spouse cannot have more than one spouse
polygamous - can have more than one spouse
types of polygamy
polygyny - husband could take many wives
polyandry - wife can have many husbands
is an institution that addresses questions regarding limited resources of society
economy
the answers to the questions should ne determined by the market
accrdg to liberal economists
self-regulating mechanism
accrdg to adam smith
believe that the bourgeoisie or the social class that largely controls the means of production
socialist
involved in the financial sector like bankers
bourgeoisie
argued that wealth is concentrated on the few
karl marx
argued that market and the state should be under the control of proletariat or the laborers
marx and engels
communism is the solution to the alienation
accrdg to marx
“invisible hand of the market”
john maynard keynes
market becomes inefficient
market failures
uphold basic human rights
educational and health institutions
ensures that individuals are functionally literate
educational inst
ensures that individuals have access to health services
health inst
function of edu inst
to provide skilled labor to the economy
primary obj of edu inst
to provide universal education regardless of the social status
institution that involves a set of beliefs and practices of a particular social group
religion
organized into a group that has universal membership
supported by the larger society
church
(group that has universal membership) organized into an exclusive
usually challenges the norms of larger society
sect
classifications of religion
monotheistic - believe only in one god
ex. christianity
polytheistic - believe in many gods
ex. hinduism
not considered religion but rather a belief system
animism
ex. shintoism
“opiate of the masses”
marx
dominance of religion is part of the biological phase of the development of society
august comte
predicts the decrease in the influence of religion
secularization theory
under the power of religious leaders
theocracies
