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Social influence theory Flashcards

1
Q

What is the central theme of social influence theory as proposed by Herbert Kelman?

A

An individual’s attitudes, beliefs, and actions are influenced by referent others through three processes: compliance, identification, and internalization.

Kelman (1958) described how these processes lead to changes in attitude and actions.

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2
Q

Define compliance in the context of social influence theory.

A

Compliance occurs when individuals accept influence and adopt the induced behavior to gain rewards and avoid punishments.

The satisfaction from compliance is due to the social effect of accepting influence.

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3
Q

What is identification according to Kelman’s social influence theory?

A

Identification happens when individuals adopt induced behavior to create or maintain a desired relationship with another person or group.

Satisfaction arises from the act of conforming.

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4
Q

What does internalization refer to in social influence theory?

A

Internalization occurs when individuals accept influence because the induced behavior aligns with their value system and is perceived as rewarding.

Satisfaction comes from the content of the new behavior.

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5
Q

List the three primary processes of influence as described by Kelman.

A
  • Compliance
  • Identification
  • Internalization

Each process has unique antecedent and consequent conditions.

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6
Q

What are the three determinants of influence in social influence theory?

A
  • Relative importance of the anticipated effect
  • Relative power of the influencing agent
  • Prepotency of the induced response

These determinants are qualitatively different for each process.

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7
Q

True or False: Subjective norm is the only aspect of social influence that matters according to some researchers.

A

False.

Other researchers emphasize the importance of identification and internalization processes.

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8
Q

What is psychosocial competence?

A

A person’s ability to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life while maintaining mental well-being.

It plays a significant role in health promotion.

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9
Q

List the ten core life skills identified by WHO.

A
  • Self-awareness
  • Empathy
  • Critical thinking
  • Creative thinking
  • Decision making
  • Problem solving
  • Effective communication
  • Interpersonal relationship
  • Coping with stress
  • Coping with emotion

These skills are interlinked and crucial for health-related education.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: Developing self-awareness can help us recognize when we are _______.

A

[stressed]

Self-awareness is often a prerequisite for effective communication.

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11
Q

What is empathy?

A

The ability to understand and care about other people’s needs, desires, and feelings.

It is essential for successful relationships and effective communication.

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12
Q

Define critical thinking.

A

The ability to analyze information and experiences in an objective manner.

It helps recognize factors influencing attitudes and behavior.

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13
Q

What are the four components of creative thinking?

A
  • Fluency
  • Flexibility
  • Originality
  • Elaboration

These components characterize novel ways of seeing or doing things.

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14
Q

True or False: Problem solving helps us deal constructively with problems in our lives.

A

True.

Unresolved significant problems can lead to mental stress.

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15
Q

What is the importance of effective communication?

A

It allows us to express ourselves appropriately and convey thoughts, needs, and fears.

Effective communication is crucial in personal and professional settings.

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16
Q

What does coping with stress involve?

A

Recognizing stress sources, understanding their effects, and acting to control stress levels.

It includes changing environments, lifestyles, and learning relaxation techniques.

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17
Q

What are social skills?

A

Skills used to communicate and interact with others, both verbally and non-verbally.

They are essential for building relationships and effective communication.

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18
Q

List five advantages of having well-developed social skills.

A
  • More and better relationships
  • Better communication
  • Greater efficiency
  • Advancing career prospects
  • Increased overall happiness

These advantages contribute to personal and professional development.

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19
Q

What are characteristics of social skills?

A
  • Goal-directed
  • Interrelated behaviors
  • Appropriate to communication situation
  • Can be taught and learned
  • Under cognitive control

Social skills vary based on context and purpose.

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20
Q

What are basic communication skills?

A

. listening
. following directions
. refraining from speaking

Good listening skills involve concentration and indicating attention.

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21
Q

What is the role of empathy in social skills?

A

Empathy and Rapport Skills are affected by cognitive and mental health conditions, impacting the ability to connect with others.

Conditions like Autism and Borderline Personality Disorder can limit empathy.

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22
Q

What are Interpersonal Skills?

A

abilities that help us interact and communicate affectively with others

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23
Q

What defines Problem Solving Skills?

A

the ability to identify problems, analyze them and come up with solutions.

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24
Q

What is Accountability in social skills?

A

Accountability involves accepting blame and dealing with constructive feedback, indicating reliability and maturity.

It is crucial for conflict management.

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25
What is Negotiation?
the process of finding a middle ground where all parties benefit
26
What is the importance of Preparation in negotiation?
Preparation is responsible for 90% of negotiating success, requiring thorough information gathering and planning for all possible scenarios.
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What does Patience mean in negotiation?
Good negotiators are patient, focusing on agreement before addressing other issues.
28
What is Active Listening?
Active Listening involves attentively listening and interpreting both verbal and non-verbal cues during negotiation.
29
Why is Emotional Control important in negotiation?
Emotional Control prevents negative outcomes by managing emotions during sensitive discussions.
30
What is the role of Verbal Communication in negotiation?
Skilled negotiators must communicate clearly to avoid misunderstandings and achieve favorable outcomes.
31
How does Problem Solving relate to negotiation?
Effective negotiators focus on problem-solving to benefit both parties rather than solely pursuing their own goals.
32
What are Ethics and Reliability in negotiation?
Ethics and Reliability build trust, essential for effective negotiation outcomes.
33
What is Self-awareness?
Self-awareness is understanding one's strengths, weaknesses, and how one interacts with others.
34
Why is Self-awareness important in management?
Self-awareness is crucial for effective behaviors like goal setting, communication, and conflict management.
35
What are the component parts of Self-Awareness?
The components of Self-Awareness include: * Self-reflection * Insight * Mindfulness.
36
What makes Self-Awareness difficult?
Self-awareness is difficult due to factors like mind-wandering, cognitive biases, and lack of feedback.
37
What distinguishes Self-Awareness from Self-Focused Attention?
Self-Awareness involves understanding oneself in relation to others, while Self-Focused Attention is merely thinking about oneself.
38
Name a strategy to cultivate Self-Awareness.
Creating space for oneself helps in enhancing self-awareness.
39
What is self-awareness?
Self-awareness is a key component of emotional intelligence, encompassing emotional awareness, accurate self-assessment, and self-confidence. ## Footnote Daniel Goleman identified these components as crucial for understanding one's emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and self-worth.
40
How can one increase self-awareness in everyday life?
By creating space for oneself, practicing mindfulness, keeping a journal, being a good listener, and gaining different perspectives through feedback. ## Footnote These practices help individuals connect with their inner thoughts and emotions.
41
Define mindfulness according to Jon Kabat-Zinn.
Mindfulness is 'paying attention in a particular way, on purpose, in the present moment, non-judgmentally.' ## Footnote Mindfulness practices can include mindful listening, eating, or walking.
42
What is the benefit of keeping a journal?
Writing helps process thoughts, creates headspace, and increases happiness and satisfaction. ## Footnote Research shows that journaling about gratitude or struggles enhances emotional well-being.
43
What distinguishes listening from hearing?
Listening involves being present and paying attention to emotions, body language, and language, while hearing is merely perceiving sound. ## Footnote Good listening enhances understanding of oneself and others.
44
What is emotional awareness?
Emotional awareness is the ability to recognize one's own emotions and their effects on thoughts and actions. ## Footnote This awareness is crucial for effective interaction and personal well-being.
45
What are common behaviors linked to emotional masking?
Addiction to excessive drinking, eating, over-working, gaming, gambling, and other distractions. ## Footnote Such behaviors may serve as coping mechanisms for unaddressed emotions.
46
What does accurate self-assessment involve?
Understanding personal strengths, weaknesses, inner resources, and limits. ## Footnote Good self-assessors are reflective and open to feedback.
47
List some common 'blind spots' identified in senior executives.
* Setting unrealistic goals * Blind ambition * Relentless hard work ## Footnote These blind spots can hinder self-awareness and performance.
48
What characterizes individuals with good self-confidence?
* Present themselves well * Voice unpopular opinions * Make decisions grounded in personal values ## Footnote High self-confidence is crucial for job performance.
49
What is emotional self-awareness?
Awareness of one's thoughts, feelings, and actions in the present, allowing for effective self-management. ## Footnote It helps guide behavior and improve social skills.
50
What is alexithymia?
A condition characterized by difficulty in recognizing and understanding one's own emotions. ## Footnote Individuals with alexithymia struggle to discriminate between different emotions.
51
How can emotional self-awareness impact job performance?
It helps manage emotions, motivates individuals, and improves social skills, leading to better workplace interactions. ## Footnote Understanding emotions can guide responses and behavior in professional settings.
52
What are some traits of active individuals?
They are proactive, agile, and rise to challenges rather than waiting for things to happen. ## Footnote Active behavior contrasts with passive and aggressive behaviors.
53
What are negative behaviors associated with aggression?
Aggression can lead to hostility, strained relationships, and health issues like high blood pressure and ulcers. ## Footnote Aggressive behavior often results in negative social consequences.
54
What is the importance of behavioral self-awareness?
It allows individuals to reflect on their traits and habits, identify areas for improvement, and enhance self-esteem. ## Footnote Being self-critical is essential for personal growth.
55
List some desirable qualities to develop.
* Affectionate yet firm * Active yet composed * Fair and flexible * Understanding and sociable ## Footnote These qualities contribute to positive interactions and success.
56
What are some positive qualities and traits that can be developed?
Affectionate, firm, active, composed, careful, creditable, decisive, democratic, discreet, fair, flexible, influential, loving, respectable, sincere, sociable, tolerant, understanding, friendly, generous, independent, reliable, unselfish ## Footnote These qualities are desirable and can be retained and nourished.
57
What are some negative qualities that can affect relationships?
Argumentative, autocratic, boastful, disagreeable, hostile, mean, harsh, rash, rigid, aloof, dishonest, dependent, hesitant, possessive, self-centered, shy, submissive, wasteful, withdrawn ## Footnote These negative traits can hinder progress and accomplishments.
58
What is the first step in addressing negative personality aspects?
Think of situations where negative aspects are experienced ## Footnote Self-awareness is crucial for personal growth and effective relationships.
59
What does 'locus of control' refer to?
A person's perception of the source of their fate ## Footnote It reflects whether individuals feel they are masters of their own destiny.
60
What are the two classifications of locus of control?
Internals and externals ## Footnote Internals believe they control their fate, while externals believe outside forces control them.
61
Characteristics of internals include:
* Taking responsibility for their choices * Thinking before acting * Bouncing back from setbacks * Focusing on things they can control ## Footnote Internals are proactive and resilient in the face of challenges.
62
Characteristics of externals include:
* Blaming outside forces for failures * Feeling like pawns of fate * Complaining and whining * Unwilling to take responsibility ## Footnote Externals often lack accountability for their actions.
63
Research shows externals are less satisfied with their jobs. True or False?
True ## Footnote Externals experience higher absenteeism and alienation from their work.
64
How do internals view their health?
They believe they can control their health and form better health habits ## Footnote Internals tend to have a lower incidence of sickness and absenteeism.
65
Internals perform better in which types of tasks?
Sophisticated tasks requiring complex information processing ## Footnote They are suited for jobs that require initiative and independence.
66
Externals are more suited to which types of jobs?
Well-structured and routine jobs ## Footnote Success in these jobs often depends on following directions from others.
67
What should individuals consider regarding their locus of control?
Whether they want to be with internals or externals ## Footnote This awareness can help bring about necessary adjustments in belief and control over life.
68
Who developed the Social Influence Theory discussed in the lesson?
Herbert Kelman ## Footnote The theory explores how individuals are influenced by others.
69
What core life skills were discussed in the lesson?
Social and negotiation skills ## Footnote These skills are essential for effective interpersonal interactions.
70
Define self-awareness.
Understanding one's own personality, traits, and behaviors ## Footnote It is important for personal growth and effective relationships.
71
What components of self-awareness were explored?
Definition, importance, and dimensions ## Footnote Understanding these components is critical for self-improvement.
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LIFE SKILLS (2 decks)

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