Social Influence Studies

Question 1

Kelman

Answer 1

Proposed 3 types of conformity: compliance, identification and internalisation.

Question 2

Asch

Answer 2

1956
123 American undergraduate ppts.
18 trials- 12 critical.
33% conformity rate.
75% conformed at least once.
50% conformed on 6 or more critical trials.
1% wrong on control to test stimulus lines were unambiguous.
5.5% conformity rate when group not unanimous.

Question 3

Zimbardo

Answer 3

1973
24 ppts
5 prisoners had to be released early due to extreme reactions.
Was meant to last 2 weeks but was stopped after 6 days.

Question 4

Milgram

Answer 4

1963
40 participants
15v to 450v
Asked colleagues and professionals who said 1/1000 would go to 450v
65% administered 450v
100% went to 300v with only 12.5% stopping there.

Question 5

Milgram variations

Answer 5

Proximity:
Same room 40%
Touch proximity shock plate 30%
Experimenter over phone 21%

Location:
Run down office 48%

Uniform

Question 6

Agentic state, legitimacy of authority.

Answer 6

Milgram

Question 7

The authoritarian personality

Answer 7

Adorno
Altemeyer
Elms and Milgram.

Question 8

Social support

Answer 8

Asch

Question 9

Minority influence

Answer 9

Moscovici et al.
1969
4 ppts and 2 confederates
Consistent or inconsistent. 
Consistent - 8% of ppts said green
Inconsistent - little effect

Question 10

Minority influence social change

Answer 10

Drawing attention to the issue
Cognitive conflict
Consistency of position
The augmentation principle
The snowball effect

Question 11

Social change majority

Answer 11

Social norms intervention (Perkins and Berkowitz)