social influence studies

Question 1

aim of mosovici et al

Answer 1

to investigate the effect of a consistent and inconsistent minority on majority beliefs

Question 2

conclusion of mosovici et al

Answer 2

although minority influence is small consistency is an important variable

Question 3

evaluation mosovici et al

Answer 3

• doesn’t identify important factors in minority influence such as group size, status or degree of organization
• only used females

Question 4

aim of milgram

Answer 4

to investigate how far people will go in obeying an authority figure

Question 5

milgram proximity condition

Answer 5

40% went to 300v

Question 6

milgram vocal feedback condition

Answer 6

62.5% to 300v when verbal protestations, screams, wall pounding and ominous silence after 300v

Question 7

Bickman

Answer 7

80% obeyed by picking up litter when dressed as guard 40% when dressed normally

Question 8

subjects of milgram

Answer 8

self selected volunteer sample - 636

• women showed similar levels of obedience to men
• cross cultural showed equal or higher levels

Question 9

Hofling

Answer 9

• 21/22 nurses obeyed unknown doctors phone instructions to administer twice normal dose of drugs when there was clear warnings on drugs not too
• completed in real life work condition

Question 10

zimbardo participants

Answer 10

24 American undergraduate volunteers

Question 11

zimbardo public conformity conclusion

Answer 11

many said after that they thought they had acted out of character and was no lasting change to private opinion

Question 12

zimbardo supports situational explamations

Answer 12

personality tests were done on both guards and prisoners and found no sig personality differences

Question 13

ash order of answers

Answer 13

real p always went last or last but one

Question 14

critical trials asch

Answer 14

12/18 critical trials confederate p’s gave same wrong answer

*control group where p gave answers in isolation

Question 15

findings of asch

Answer 15

• control 0.7% wrong answer
• critical trials conformed to maj wrong answer 37%
• 75%conformed atleast once

Question 16

asch’s study and situational factors

Answer 16

• group size
• social support
• task difficulty

Question 17

group size

Answer 17

• 2 confeds: 14% conformed
• 3 confeds: 32% conformed
• little change after
• small maj are easier to resist BUT doesn’t keep increasing with size of maj

Question 18

social support

Answer 18

having a supported reduced conformity to 5.5%

Question 19

task difficulty

Answer 19

conformity increases with task difficulty

Question 20

aim of jennes

Answer 20

investigate whether individual judgements of jellybeans in a jar was influenced by discussion in groups

Question 21

jennes findings

Answer 21

• individuals estimates moved towards group estimate on second private estimate
• ave change of opinion greater in women

Question 22

jennes conclusions

Answer 22

• individual judgements are affected by majority opinion espesh when in unfamiliar situation
• discussion isn’t effective in changing maj opinion unless individs who enter discussion are aware that their opinions differ to others