Social Influence- Comformity, Compliance and Obedience & Group behaviour Flashcards
What is social perception?
A change in behaviour in response to intentional and unintentional influence of others. It may or may not be accompanied by a change in attitude.
What are the 3 main types of social influence?
Comformity
Compliance
Obedience
What is comformity?
A change in response to social norms ( NO pressure is required)
A change in response to a direct request is known as…
Compliance (Persuasion)
A change in response to a command/order is known as…
Obedience
What are social norms?
Rules indicating how people are expected to behave in a specific situation
What are descriptive and injunctive social norms?
Descriptive: How do people typically behave?
Injunctive: How should people behave?
What do social norms help with?
-regulate social interactions (i.e. make behaviour consistent and predictable)
-prevent social chaos
-provide automatic guides for behaviour
When people don’t want to look silly or rejected by the rest of the group is called…
Normative social influence
When people conform because they think others had better eyesight or are more informed in some way it is called…
Informational social influence
When are we more or less likely to conform?
-Group size
-Incompetent and insecure individuals
-Group’s status and attractiveness
-presence of an ally
-Independence
Define private conformity and public conformity
Private: changes in both overt behaviour and beliefs
Public: superficial changes in overt behaviour only
What are the main ideas of Sherif’s studies?
-Ambiguity lead participants to turn to each other
-participants didn’t know the correct answer
-conformity leads to internalization
What are the main points of Asch’s studies’?
-participants often felt awkward
-participants knew the correct answer
-conformity does NOT lead to internalization
How do minorities influence each other?
-withstand the majority influence
-focus on informational social influence leading to private acceptance
What did Cialdini propose are the 6 basic principles?
-Social validation
-Consistency
-Authority
-Reciprocity
-Friendship/Liking/Similarity
-Scarcity
What is Milgram’s obedience experiment and what are the results?
- the willingness of participants to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts conflicting with their personal conscience
-the vast majority kept administering shocks to the learner even after the learned cries from the ‘pain’
What is social facilitation?
-If performance can be individually evaluated the presence of others will improve
-This is dependent on whether the task is complex or simple
What is the distraction conflict theory?
Attentional conflict between focusing on tasks and inspecting the distracting stimulus can either improve or impair behaviour
What is a group?
A group can be defined as a collection of people who are perceived to be bonded together and tend to be cohesive to promote liking
What is social loafing?
A tendency to exert less effort when performing as part of a collective or group than when performing as an individual
What is entitativity?
The degree to which a collection of people feels like a cohesive group.
Define Cohesiveness
The degree of unity and solidarity within a group, reflecting the attraction, shared goals, and commitment among its members
What is the social identity theory?
- Enhance self-esteem and social identity (In-group bias)
- Identify with the achievements and characteristics of the group.
- Gain a sense of belonging and understanding within the broader social context
