social influence

Question 1

types of conformity-

Internalisation

Answer 1

a deep type of conformity.
The person accepts the group’s view
leads to permanent change even when the group is not present

Question 2

types of conformity-

Identification

Answer 2

A moderate type of conformity.
conform because there is something in the group that we value so we want to be a part of it
Publicly change view but privately keep the same view

Question 3

types of conformity-

Compliance

Answer 3

A superficial type of conformity.
‘going along with others in public’
no change in personal opinion.

Question 4

Informational social influence (ISI)

Answer 4

An explanation that states we change our answer/beliefs because we think others are correct. We accept the majority view because we also want to be correct.
May lead to internalisation.

Question 5

Normative social influence (NSI)

Answer 5

An explanation that states we change to the majority view because we want to be accepted. This may lead to compliance

Question 6

Research support for ISI

Answer 6

Lucas et al. 2006

greater conformity to more difficult answers than easier.

Question 7

Individual differences in NSI

Answer 7

some people have a greater need to be liked. nAffiliators have a greater need.

Question 8

Asch’s research-

procedure

Answer 8

one white card had a standard line and the other had three lines. 
123 American male undergraduates 
6-8 confederates 
18 trials
12 critical trials

Question 9

Asch’s research-

findings

Answer 9

ppr gave a wrong answer 36.8% of the time.
25%-never conformed
75%-at least once

Question 10

Asch’s variations-

group size

Answer 10

3 confeds- wrong answer 31.8%
little diff further
drops after 7

Question 11

Asch’s variations-

Unanimity

Answer 11

dissenting confed= conform reduced by a quarter

Question 12

Asch’s variations-

task difficulty

Answer 12

conformity increased.

ISI

Question 13

Asch evaluation-

a child of its time

Answer 13

1950s were especially conformist time

Perrin and Spencer (1980) - engineering students in the UK 1 student out of 396 conformed

Question 14

Asch evaluation-

artificial situation and task

Answer 14

demand characteristics as a result of knowing they were in a research study.
don’t generalise to everyday life

Question 15

Asch evaluation-

limited application

Answer 15

Androcentric, ethnocentric

individualist/collectivist culture

Question 16

Zimbardo Stanford prison experiment

Procedure

Answer 16

mock prison
volunteer and selected ‘emotionally stable’
randomly assigned roles
‘prisoners’ arrested at home
blindfolded, strip search, deloused, and given numbers.
prisoners had to follow 16 rules
guards wore uniform

Question 17

Stanford prison experiment (SPE)

Findings

Answer 17

stopped after 6 days not 14 
guards became enthusiastic 
prisoners began to rebel 
one prisoner released on day 1 
conclusions-
all conformed to social roles.

Question 18

SPE evaluation-

control

Answer 18

stable individuals randomly assigned

increased internal validity

Question 19

SPE evaluation

lack of realism

Answer 19

performances based on stereotypes (Banuazizi and Mohavedi 1975)

However, 90% of convo was about prison life.

Question 20

SPE evaluation

role of dispositional factors

Answer 20

Fromm 1973- criticised Zimbardo for exaggerating only 1/3 of guards

Question 21

SPE evaluation

ethical issues

Answer 21

Zimbardo’s dual roles as superintendent and researcher.

Question 22

Milgram’s obedience study-

procedure

Answer 22

40 male ppts- volunteers in newspaper columns
20-50 years old
confed Mr Wallace always was the learner
experimenter was also confed in white coat
shocked when made a mistake
started at 15 ended at 450 volts
after 315 there was no response from learner
prod 1-please continue
prod 2-experiment requires that you continue
prod 3- absolutely essential you continue
prod 4- you have no choice you must continue

Question 23

Milgram’s obedience study-

findings

Answer 23

no ppts stopped below 300 volts
12.5% stopped at 300 volts
65% continued to 450 volts showed signs of extreme tension

Question 24

Milgram evaluation-

low internal validity

Answer 24

Orne and Holland 1968.jk