Social inequality Flashcards
What is social exclusion?
Poverty in a wider sense than just income. Prevention from participating in all aspects of society as they are in relative poverty. Restricts level of access to services such as education, health and housing as well as work & transport
What are the factors of social exclusion?
Health, education, housing, geographical location, race, family structure, gender, employment and income level
What is 60% of UK average income and how does this compare with Aberdeenshire?
£16,560 compared with £17,760
In what ways does Bradford experience social exclusion?
Life expectancy there is 10-15 years less than Ilkley.
20% wage gap between men and women.
In 2020 it’ll be classed as the youngest city in Europe.
over 150 languages spoken with around 20% of Bradford being from south-east Asia.
Since Brexit: 60% increase in crime against disabled, 147% increase in crime against gays
In what ways may the poverty cycle be broken?
Improved facilities for sport and learning etc (if corporate tax was raised by 1.5% then higher ed in Eng would be free).
Public health focus, improve public transport, make housing affordable in areas with jobs, benefits etc.
Stats for levels of poverty for different groups…
72% of unemployed, 56% of Bangladeshians, 42% of single parents, 53% of families with kiddies, 15% single men, 9% single women.
Half of all poverty people are employed, 15% of which work part-time.
Barriers for deprived children?
- Ed (22% behind peers in literacy & 17% in numeracy)
- Health (Have highest chance of suffering from behavioural, psychological, language etc problems)
Some fun facts about chil pov and ed?
Those from poorest families be 1/3 less likely to go to uni than the least deprived. 3.7m in pov 2013-14
By 22-23, low attainers are more likely to be unemployed (12% to 4%), work part-time (12% v 6%).
Who’s Mr William Devine?
68 year-old man living in Glasgow who suffered from rare blood disease which could have been saved but transporting drug was deemed too expensive
What is the NMW for 25+ and how has it benefitted the UK?
- Benefitted 10% of wom and 4% of men.
- 1 in 5 <25’s have enjoyed a pay rise.
- 33% of people benefitting from NMW aren’t head of households.
- Helped 1.3m workers as well as reducing gender inequality.
Between ‘97 and ‘10 child poverty went down 10% and all poverty declined by 2%
Stats since intro of tax credits?
- Between ‘98 and ‘12, 1.1m children were lifted out of poverty.
- Since 2010, child-poverty has flat-lined with 0.5m more children living in absolute poverty
- IFL project a rise in relative poverty to 4.3m by 2020
What are the four founding principles of the WS?
- Collectivism - State funds stuff
- Universal - Everyone gets it free at point of use
- Comprehensive - State provides all aspects of need
- Equality - Have equal provisions for all people in all areas
What is social mobility and how is it difficult for many to be socially mobile?
Ones ability to work their way into a higher social class (defined by income)
Best way to do this is to get degree but 49% of poorest 20% are likely to get into higher education
“In the UK, a sons’ earnings reflecting ther fathers is stronger than any other countries listed”…….. How is this bad?
Shows that we aren’t socially mobile and that the rich get richer (Richest 1% = 55% poorest) and poor get poorer
Of the poorest 20% how many mothers have no qualifications?
46% - impacts child’s development and upbringing which reinforces 5yrs 10-13month gap
