Social Inequality

Question 1

Location of Jembatan Besi

Answer 1

-Indonesia
-Slum area of Jakarta - 4km NW of city
-Developed over 40 years linked to Jakarta’s growth
-Surrounded by built up areas and the Ciliwung river

Question 2

Location of Northwood

Answer 2

-Irvine, Southern California
-Developed as a fully planned city in 1960s - edge city
-Developed around ‘villages’
-10km east of Newport Beach
-East = Santa Ana Mountains

Question 3

Population of Jembatan Besi

Answer 3

4000 population
Densely populated

Question 4

Population of Northwood

Answer 4

21,000 population
1/3 families with school age children

Question 5

Built environment of Jembatan Besi

Answer 5

• solid ground floor of houses from timber & brick
• increased pressure = more storeys added
• makeshift homes - scrap metal, wood
• Risk of fires is high - materials, density/overcrowding
• Little direct sunlight - use of electric lighting

Question 6

Built environment of Northwood

Answer 6

-Excellent health care
-Low air pollution - avoids LA smog
-Good schools - 5 high schools & several tertiary education facilities

Question 7

Social economic factors of Jembatan Besi

Answer 7

• demand for affordable housing exceeds supple leading to slum
• gov and private sector won’t have resources to cope with number of people arriving
• people don’t have resources to afford formal housing
• av income = $4 a day
• unskilled/casual. Labour
  -high levels of self employment- family run businesses
• textile industry(formal) but poor security and conditions
• poor sanitation - open sewers and no clean water
• low levels of education
  -High air pollution - kerosene and city emission
  -Poor diets
• epidemics of cholera & typhoid

Question 8

Social-economic factors of Northwood

Answer 8

-Generally well off residents
-Median income $86,500 a year
-Easy access to employment in Irvine UoC- major employer
-Range of high-tech companies - TC USA headquarters - Kia, Mazda, Toshiba High level of qualifications (68.5% degree level)
-Lower than national average crime rates
-½ residents are white, second largest ethnic group it
Asian (Vietnam)
-Single family houses on large plots of land
-91% owner occupied
-2/3 lived there for more than 10 years

Question 9

Inequality in Jembatan Besi

Answer 9

Little inequality between residents but significant difference with residents elsewhere in Jakarta

Question 10

Inequality in Northwood

Answer 10

Little inequality between residents but it excludes those on lower incomes/without professional employment who cannot afford to live here.