Social Final Exam (Question Sheet) Flashcards
What is a worldview?
A collection of values and beliefs that belong to a group of people.
What factors shape a society’s worldview?
Geography, ideas and knowledge, and contact with others. –) in
How does your worldview affect your identity?
How you act, impact who you spend time with, like or dislike, role in society
What was the European feudal system based on?
Land!
What worldview was held during the middle ages?
Rich or Poor, Life was hard, no change in classes, god was the center of the universe. (Christian Worldview)
What was the silk road?
A network of trade routes that connected Europe, Asia, and Africa. Traded Ideas, knowledge, and goods.
What were the crusades?
Holy wars led by Christians to re-conquer the holy lands from Muslim control.
What was the black death? What were the causes?
One of the most deadly diseases in human history killing 30-60% of Europe’s population.
- Astrology
- Religion
- Black Magic/Satanism
- Jews
What events created the social conditions that allowed the renaissance to begain in europe?
- Classical Greek and Roman Ideas learned
- Interaction
- Trade
- Money
- Church Power Decreased
- Urbanization
What is a city-state
A independent city the governs it self and the surrounding countryside.
What factors influenced the population to move into the Italian city states?
Economic growth, and business.
Why were the ideas of the renaissance slow to spread out of Italy?
- Geography
- Feudalism
- Religion
- War
How did artists, writers, scholars, scientists, and mathematicians, etc. spread the ideas of humanism during the renaissance?
They developed new ides the challenged the churches beliefs, and spread new ideas.
How did art change during the Renaissance?
- More realistic
- Techniques were shared
- More real and personal reflection
- Well respect
- Well pay
- Considered Important
What contributed to the lack of science and math during the middle ages?
- Challenged the church
- Superstitions
- Money to art
- Not much attention (studying)
Why was the printing press so significant?
The printing press was very important because it allowed for the public to mass print books/articles, etc. Which increased the spread of ideas.
What was the protestant reformation?
A split of the church based on issues within the catholic church. (protestant, and catholic)
Who was Martin Luther? Why was he excommunicated?
A monk who did not believe in some of the churches ideas so he wrote 95 of them. He was kicked out because criticized the church.
How did Renaissance Europe demonstrate imperialism?
- They wanted to expand
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- Trade increased
What factors contributed the most to the expansionist/imperialist perspective of Europeans during the Renaissance?
- God
- Gold
- Glory
What is ethnocentrism?
Critiquing, and observing other cultures from the perspective of your own cultural standards and ideas
How was Canada’s worldview developed out of the western worldview of Europe at the end of the renaissance?
- Importance of Individual
- High living standard
- Democratic Society
- Education
- Rights and Freedoms
How did the history of Spain affect its worldview?
- Fought to reconquer the land from Muslim control (Reconquista)
- Duty to carry the word of God, and convert others
- Fought for and nationalistic reasons
What was the Reconquista?
The kingdoms of Spain fought to RECONQUER the land from Muslim control.
What was the Spanish Inquisition? Why did the Spanish Monarchy reinstate it?
A court set to test if people truly converted to catholicism or if they were true believers. They implemented this to unify Spain.
What was the Cortes?
The Spanish parliament controlled the spending of the king and queen. Nobels in the Cortes grew powerful. King Ferd., and Isa. appointed people who were not Nobels, who felt loyal. $
How did the Spanish social system reflect the Spanish worldview?
- Rankings (nobles, etc)
- Lower classes work
- People had very specific roles
- Your worth was your position, not your work
How did geography influence the Spanish to explore?
Their geography influenced them to explore because they had lots of water/ports to send out ships from, and were able to set out many new routes.
How did the history of the Aztecs affect their worldview?
- Semi-Nomadic
- They were often moving
- learned patience, toughness, warriors, and hard workers
- Value strength
What symbolized that Aztecs had reached their promised land? Why?
They saw a eagle, sitting on a cactus with a rattle snake in his mouth, which is what they were looking for. This was a sign from their God.
How did the culture of the Aztec affect their worldview?
- Depended on God
- God guided them to where they needed to be
When a city state was defeated by the Aztecs, what were they required to do?
- Pay Tribute
- Promise to follow their God
- Loyalty
What did the Spanish monarchs and the Aztec empire both want
- Both wanted to expand (empire)
- Both wanted to spread the faith
- Both wanted power
- Both wanted $
What was the Aztec understanding of the Spanish before their arrival?
- Looked like Gods
- Knew that Gods were going to return
- Matched Gods description
What was the Aztec custom of presenting gifts to outsiders?
They greeted all guests with gifts, in hopes that they would leave.
What was the massacre of unarmed Aztecs?
The unarmed Aztecs were taken out by the Spanish.
What was the Noche Triste?
The battle between the Spanish and the Aztecs.
What were the reasons that allowed the Aztecs to be conquered by the Spanish?
- The empire was lacking stability
- Smallpox
- Spanish tactical advantage
How did Cortes and Moctezuma act according to their differing worldviews?
- Religion was very important for making decisions
- Cortes wanted $, Moctezuma did not
- Cortez killed, Moctezuma did not agree with that
What were the perspectives of the Spanish living in New Spain?
- New nobility
- No Physical labour
- Rich
- Large estates
- Slaves do work
When was the Edo Period? What were Japan’s objectives during this time?
The Edo period was a time of isolation, Japan wanted peace and development during this time.
Who was the ruler of Japan during the Edo period? Who held the actual power?
The emperor was the ruler of Japan but held little power, but the Shogun was who held the real power.
What was the purpose of the policies imposed on the daimyo by the shogun?
These were implemented to decrease the daimyos power, and holdings.
What was the “law of alternate attendance”?
The daimyo had to visit Edo every second year with their families and samurai. This also legalized the social system to prevent class change.
Why were the Bakufu and Shogun concerned about the spread of Christianity.
They were worried that the daimyo would become more loyal to their religious leader than to their government.
What were the national seclusion policy and the closed country edict?
A law that prevents any foreign ships from entering banned all travel in and out, banned Christianity, and merchants selling to ships.
During the Edo period, what effect did isolation have on the people of Japan?
The regular movement affected the economy, services were needed more, so towns became cities (urbanization)
What were Japan’s feudal system and hierarchy social structures like during the Edo period?
Emperor: The hereditary ruler of Japan
Shogun: The man in charge of the government
Bakufu: The centralized military government
Daimyo: A feudal lord of a region in Japan
Han: The local government
Samurai: Men who were warriors
What was the relationship of western countries with Japan at the end of the Edo period?
The United States was pushy and forced them into unfair trade. Dutch East India was the only wanted, group. Other nations wanting contact.
How were the Ainu forced to assimilate with Japan?
They took over by the Mejji and were forced to become part of Japans culture/isolation.
What was the Japan’s peoples recation to the decison to open up Japan?
They were mixed in felling’s, many citizens wanted to open up, and were ready, while others wanted to stay closed and get rid of anyone that wanted to open up.
When was the Meiji period? What were Japan’s objectives during this time?
April 1896: Emperor Meiji signed this oath to outline the changes that were necessary for Japan to modernize.
a) leaders who did not participate in the coup would be consulted.
b) The status-class system would end.
c) The Feudal system would be abolished.
d) Men would be rewarded on merit and not on family connection.
e) Japan would open its boundaries to the rest of the world.
What was the purpose of the Iwakura mission?
To find the best ideas around the world, and bring them to Japan.
What was the Charter Oath?
The oath to open up japan, and set in their new ideology’s.
What is a constitutional government?
A political system in which individuals in positions of authority must follow a set of guidelines.
Why did Japan decide to industrialize?
a) goods were produced manually using slow, time consuming and difficult processes. A change needed to be made.
b) efficient and easy.
c) increase its national revenue to become prosperous
How did the Japanese military change?
They modeled it after the German army, and British navy
What is capitalism?
Private business
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