Social Construct of Criminality Flashcards

AC 1.1

1
Q

Social Norms

A

Social expectations or standards which shape an individuals behaviour in that particular situation or society

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2
Q

Social Values

A

things that a society places importance on and often underline our behaviours

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3
Q

Moral Codes

A

the good ways of behaving

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4
Q

Social Mores

A

they encompass the social norms customs and behaviours of a society

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5
Q

Social Definition of Crime

A

actions labelled as criminal by the society as well as the legal system, punishable by informal sanctions

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6
Q

Legal Definition of Crime

A

behaviour or an act which goes against the written law and can be punished by the legal system

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7
Q

Fromal sanctions

A

sanctions given out my the justice system and law enforcement, they can be given by the police or the courts

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8
Q

Informal sanctions

A

unwritten and unofficial methods used to steer people towards the norms and expectations of the society

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9
Q

Deviance

A

act or behaviour which goes against the social norms and expectations which trigger a critical reaction or disapproval

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10
Q

bad behaviour

A

behaviour that is deviant because it is negative

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11
Q

admired behaviour

A

behaviour that is deviant because it is considered good or admirable despite going against the norms of society

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12
Q

odd behaviour

A

behaviour that is deviant because is it out of the ordinary but often not harmful

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13
Q

Ken Plummer

A

talks about situational deviance which is when an act may be considered as criminal or deviant in one situation but not in another

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14
Q

reasons why law varies

A

●Religon - it may be interpreted to promote or condone certain actions
●public opinion - public views may differ due to differences in norms and values
●Tradition - laws can differ due to ingrained traditional customs of a culture
●different norms and values - different societies put different emphasis on different things

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15
Q

Social Construct

A

something that is not natural or pre-existing which in a society, it is something that has been created, implemented or altered by a society

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16
Q

Situational Devinace

A

when an act may be considered criminal or deviant in one situation but not in another

17
Q

Reasons why law varies (6)

A
  1. Religion
  2. Public opinions
  3. Sexism/views on women
  4. Tradition
  5. Different norms and values
  6. Different roles of governments
18
Q

How law varies over time

A

as society advances, there are changes in the values, norms and expectations which alters what the society views as acceptable and unacceptable so certain acts are criminalised/decriminalised

19
Q

Example of how law varies overtime

A

Capital Punishment (death sentnace), in the 18th century a lot of crimes were punishable by death however that got abolished in 1965 because humans rights have advanced

20
Q

How laws chance from place to place

A

An act that may be legal in one place can be illegal in another place, this may be because the differences in religion, traditions or governments etc

21
Q

how laws are applied differently

A

some laws are applied differently based on many factors, one is age, for example the age of criminal responsibility in the UK is 10 however its 12 in Canada