Social-cognitive approaches to learning Flashcards
social congnitive approach to learning
suggests that learning takes place in a social setting and involves various cognitive processes, the learner is active and learning occurs in a social situation and behaviours can be learnt by watching and imitating others in these settings, learning intergrates a social and cognitive process
banduras bobo doll experiment
bandura conducted studies investigating how children learn by imitating others, children in the experimental group watched an adult moidel engaging in violent and aggressive behaviour towards a bobo doll. children in the control group watched an adult model calmly play with the doll
results of banduras bobo doll experiment
children who watched the aggressive adult imitated more aggressive behaviour towards the bobo doll compared to control group, the sudies suggested that learning occurs in a social setting and behaviours can be learnt by watching and imitating others
what is the social-cognitive approach to learning
observational learning
observational learning
a process of learnibg that involves watching the behaviour of a model and the associated consequences of that behaviour (we become indirectly/vicariously conditioned)
who are the two people involved in observational learning
the learner and the model
model
the individual who is performing the behaviour that the learner observes
learner
an active role as watching the paying attention to the model
3 types of models
live model, verbal model and symbolic model
live model
a real-life individual who is displaying the behaviour
verbal model
a real-life individual who does not display the behaviour, but rather explains it
symbolic model
a real or fictional character who is displaying the behaviour in books, tv or other mdeia sources
accronym to remember the stages of observational learning
ARRMR
ARRMR meaning
attention, retention, reproduction, motivation and reinforcement
attention
the learner actively focuses on the models behaviour and the consequences of the behaviour
when is the learner more likely to pay attention to the model
if the model is liked, of high status, familiar or similar to the learner
retention
the learner creates a mental representation to remember the models demonstrated behaviour, info they paid attention to is stored in their memeory and can be accessed later when the learner goes to perform the behaviour
reproduction
the learner has the physical and mental capabilities to replicate the behaviour
motivation
the learner must want to reproduce the behaviour, they have a desire to perform the behaviour they observed
types of motivation
intrinsic and extrinsic
intrinsic motivation
comnes from within the individual
extrinsic motivation
occurs from factors that are external to the individual
reinforcement
the individual recieves a positive consequence for the behaviour which makes them more likely to reproduce the behaviour again in the future
types of reinforcement
self-reinforcement, extrenal reinforcement and vicarious reinforcement
self-reinforcement
the behaviour is reinforced through factors internal to the individual
external reinforcement
the behaviour is reinforced by factors external to the individual
vicarious reinforcement
the behaviour is reinforced by observing the reinforcement of another person performing the same behaviour
when does the learner perform the behaviour
in between motivation and reinforcement
