Social Class - Cultural Deprivation

Question 0

Bernstein

Answer 0

• Restricted Speech Code = working class

- Elaborated Speech Code = middle class (able to express thoughts clearly & effectively)

Question 1

Young

Answer 1

• Middle class mothers more likely to choose toys that encourage thinking & reasoning to prepare their children for school
• Working class homes lack this

Question 2

Hyman

Answer 2

• Lower class subcultures values & beliefs act as a self imposed barrier to educational & career success
• Men view academic work as ‘feminine’
• An almost hatred for anything ‘not working class’

Question 3

Sugerman

Answer 3

Four key features of lower class subculture which acts as a barrier to educational achievement:

• Fatalism: what will be will be & can’t be changed
• Collectivism: value being part of a group more than succeeding as an individual
• Immediate gratification: living for the moment
• Present time orientation: present more important than future / no long term goals

Question 4

Bordeaux

Answer 4

• Working class families lack the cultural capital middle class families have:
  > values & beliefs
  > knowledge
  > skills

Question 5

Keddie (Criticism)

Answer 5

• The idea of cultural deprivation is a myth
• Victim blaming
• Working class families just have a different culture

Question 6

Troyna & Williams (Criticism)

Answer 6

• Teachers have a speech hierarchy that favours middle class speech above working class speech