Social 20-2 Final Exam

Question 1

Nation-state

Answer 1

A country that has physical borders and a single government that makes laws and conducts business on behalf of its citizens. Nation-states may be based on ethnic nationalism or civic nationalism or a combination of the two.

Question 2

Nation

Answer 2

An idea that means different things to different people. Some people think of a nation as a country with physical territory and a government. Others think a nation is people who share a sense of belonging together and who want to control their own destiny.

Question 3

Nationalism

Answer 3

identification with one’s own nation and support for its interest, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interest of other nations.

Question 4

Sovereignty

Answer 4

The political authority to control one’s own affairs. Sovereignty may be different from, and can sometimes conflict with, self-determination, which is a people’s right to control their own affairs.

Question 5

Constitution

Answer 5

A legal document that lays out the basic rules on which a society is built. A constitution contains the core laws that define a country and how it will be governed.

Question 6

Collective Consciousness

Answer 6

An awareness,or internal consciousness, shared by many people. It may be based on a shared memory of and pride in specific events, which becomes myths and symbols of belonging.

Question 7

Multiculturalism

Answer 7

A belief, doctrine, or policy that embraces the idea of ethnic or cultural diversity and promotes a culturally pluralistic society

Question 8

Alienation

Answer 8

A feeling of being left out or on the outside. People who choose one strong loyalty over another may feel alienated from an important part of their identity and may not share in the collective consciousness of their group.

Question 9

Land Claims

Answer 9

An Aboriginal people’s claim to the right to control the land where they traditionally lived. Some Abroginal peoples view the use and control of land, which they consider sacred, as the source of their most intense conflicts with non-Abriginal people.

Question 10

Reconciliation

Answer 10

An act of resolving differences and repairing relationships. Reconciliation helps bring people together so they can live in peace.

Question 11

Pluralism

Answer 11

A belief or doctrine that a society should reflect an inclusive approach that encourages diversity. It assumes that diversity is beneficial and that diverse groups, whether these are cultural, religious, spiritual, ideological, gender, linguistic, environmental, or philosophical, should enjoy autonomy.

Question 12

Multiculturalism

Answer 12

A belief, doctrine, or policy that embraces the idea of ethnic or cultural diversity and promotes a culturally pluralistic society.

Question 13

Ultranationalism

Answer 13

An extreme form of nationalism. Ultranationalists are often fanatically loyal to their own nation and hostile toward other nations.

Question 14

Propaganda

Answer 14

Information and ideas that are spread to achieve a specific goal. Extreme nationalist may use misleading and dishonest information to create fear and insecurity and to persuade people to behave in certain ways.

Question 15

Holocaust

Answer 15

The English term used to describe the genocide of about six million Jews by the Nazis during World War II.

Question 16

Genocide

Answer 16

The killing of members of a national, ethnic, racial, or religous group; caousing serious bodliy or mental harm to members of the group; and deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life that will bring about it physical destruction.

Question 17

Internationalism

Answer 17

The belief that all members of the global community accept collective responsibility for the challenges that face the world and that motivates nations and nation states must be represpected when searching for solutions.

Question 18

Supranationalism

Answer 18

A policy by which countries agree to abide by the decisions of an international organization made up of independent appointed officials or representatives elected member countries. The European union is often considered an example of a supranational organization.

Question 19

Isolationism

Answer 19

A policy of staying completely out of world affairs. An isolationist country does not participate in international social, economic, political, and military affairs.

Question 20

Multilateralism

Answer 20

A policy that involves several countries in working together to meet challenges and solve problems. The United Nations is multilateral in nature.

Question 21

Bilateralism

Answer 21

Agreements between two countries to work toward resolving issues that concern both countries.

Question 22

Unilateralism

Answer 22

A policy of a country’s acting on its own without agreements with, or support from other countries.

Question 23

Peacekeeping

Answer 23

Allowing armed forces sent by the United Nation or other international organization to resolve conflict by using force for reasons other than self-defence.