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Soc 100 > Soc exam > Flashcards

Soc exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is Sociology

A

Sociology is the study of human society

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2
Q

Define Sociological Imagination

A

Sociological imagination is the ability to connect ones personal experiences to society at large and greater historical forces.

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3
Q

What does using our sociological imagination allow us to do?

A

It allows us to make the familiar strange or to question habits or customs that seem natural to us.

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4
Q

Why is sociology important academically?

A

Sociology is important academically because it is a social science that forces us to understand society and the social world.
Sociology academically teaches you about research and how to do research to back up why societal problems occur and how to fix them.

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5
Q

What differentiates sociology from the other social sciences?

A

Sociology is a broad study of society, and normally study western society and culture
whereas Psychology focuses on the individual, History is concerned with explaining unique cases, Anthropology studies human relations. mostly other societies and cultures. Political science focuses on power.

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6
Q

What is the history of sociology?

A

The history of sociology is a relatively young discipline.

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7
Q

Where did sociology come from?

A

Sociology came from, Comte the father of sociology.

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8
Q

When was sociology created?

A

After the French revolution

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9
Q

how has sociology has changed over time ?

A

Sociology has focused on applied perspective, and is best embodied by Chicago school. They have moved beyond simplistic biological metaphors, Functionalism has taken its place.

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10
Q

What does it mean to think like a sociologist?

A

Applying analytical tools to do something you have always done without much conscious thought.
Making the familiar strange

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11
Q

Who coined the term Sociological imagination?

A

C. Wright Mills

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12
Q

What do you need the sociological imagination to do?

A

Think critically about the world around us

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13
Q

What are research methods?

A

Research methods are approaches that social scientists use for investigating the answers to questions.

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14
Q

What are Quantitative methods?

A

Methods that seek to obtain information about the social world that is already in or can be converted into NUMERIC FORM
Statistics, Numbers, Date, Charts

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15
Q

What are Qualitative methods?

A

Methods that attempt to collect information about the social world that CANNOT BE READILY CONVERTED TO NUMERIC FORM.
what people say, participant observation, interviewing, surveys.

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16
Q

What is the deductive approach?

A

Starts with theory, than forms a hypothesis, makes empirical observations, then analyzes the data to confirm reject or change the original theory.

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17
Q

What is inductive approach?

A

A research approach that starts with empirical observations and then works to form a theory?

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18
Q

What is the difference between correlation and causation?

A

Correlation are two things that are related and simultaneously change but do not cause each other too change.
Causation are two variable that when one changes it causes the other to change

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19
Q

Which approach is like the scientific method?

A

Deductive approach

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20
Q

Who coined the term sociology?

A

August Comte

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21
Q

What is a social institution?

A

A complex group of interdependent positions htat together perform a social role and reproduce themselves over time.

22
Q

Who was the first to translate comtes work into English?

A

Harriet Martineau

23
Q

Who is considered to be one of the earliest feminist social scientists writing in the English language?

A

Harriet Martineau

24
Q

Who are the three founding fathers of sociological disciplines?

A

Karl marx, Max weber, and Emile durkheim

25
Q

What is social identity?

A

Social identity is how individuals define themselves in relationship to groups they are a part of (or in relationship to groups they choose not to be a part of). We all contribute to one another’s social identity, which can also be thought of as a grand narrative constructed of many individual stories.

26
Q

Who is the founder of positivism?

A

August Comte

27
Q

Who is the founder of historical materialism?

A

Karl Marx

28
Q

Who founded double consciousness?

A

W.E.B. Dubois

29
Q

What is the Chicago school, and what does it focus on?

A

The Chicago School focused on empirical research with the belief that people’s behaviors and personalities are shaped by their social and physical environments.

30
Q

What is macrosociology?

A

Macrosociology generally looks at social dynamics across whole societies or large parts of them and often relies on statistical analysis to do so.
Across society

31
Q

What is microsociology?

A

Microsociology seeks to understand local interactional contexts, focusing on face-to-face encounters and gathering data through participant observations and in-depth interviews.
local interaction
Face to face

32
Q

What is Causality?

A

The notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in another.

33
Q

What is reverse causality?

A

A Situation in which the researcher believes that A results in a change in B but B in fact is causing A.

34
Q

What is a Dependent Variable?

A

The outcome that the researcher is trying to explain.

Dependent on the Iv. Dependent on what you change.

35
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

The measured factor that you change and has an impact on the DV.

36
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

A hypothesis is a proposed relationship between two variables.

37
Q

What is Operationalization?

A

the process by which a researcher specifies the terms and methods he or she will use in a particular study.

38
Q

What is validity?

A

The extent to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure.

39
Q

What is reliability?

A

Likelihood of obtaining consistent results using the same measure.

40
Q

What is Generalizability?

A

The extent to which we can claim our findings inform us about a group larger than the one we studied.

41
Q

What is a double-blind study?

A

an experimental study where neither the subjects nor the researchers know who is in the treatment group and who is in the control or placebo group.

42
Q

What is reflexivity?

A

Analyzing and critically considering our own role in and effect on research.

43
Q

What is Functionalism?

A

The theory that various social institutions and processes in society exist to serve some important function to keep society running.
each structure has a function that contributes to tability of the whole

44
Q

What is Conflict or Marxist theory?

A

The idea that conflict between competing interest is the basic force of social change.

45
Q

What is symbolic interactionism?

A

A micro level theory in which shared meanings orientations and assumptions behind peoples actions.
Learning through symbols

46
Q

What is social psych?

A

When you look at personality development as a pattern and look at intimate relationships.

47
Q

What are the theoretical paradigms?

A

Feminist theory, Functionalist theory, Conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, and post modernism.

48
Q

How was sociology originally used?

A

Sociology was originally used to come up with reasons why and how society is or has grown. Also it was not coined sociology back then since the founders were economists, and other scholars.
only used academically

49
Q

How has sociology changed to make it what it is today?

A

Now women can use sociology and be sociologists.

50
Q

How is sociology used today?

A

Sociology is used today to understand how the world works to help solve societal problems and to understand what the social problems are and what is the cause.
used as a way to make social changes.

Soc 100 (1 decks)

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