Soaps, Detergents and Emulsions

Question 1

Hydrolysis of fats and oils in alkaline conditions produces?

Answer 1

Soaps

Question 2

What kind of head do soap molecules have?

Answer 2

An ionic head

Question 3

What kind of tail do soap molecules have?

Answer 3

A hydrocarbon tail

Question 4

Describe the ionic head of soap molecules

Answer 4

Hydrophilic (water-loving) and dissolves well in water

Question 5

Explain the cleaning action of soap

Answer 5

Complete

Question 6

What does hard water contain? What do they form?

Answer 6

Calcium and magnesium ions which form a scum with soap

Question 7

What were detergents developed to combat?

Answer 7

Hard-water conditions

Question 8

Detergents clean in the same way as?

Answer 8

Soaps

Question 9

When are emulsions formed?

Answer 9

When two normally immiscible liquids mix

Question 10

What are emulsifiers?

Answer 10

Compounds which allow two normally immiscible liquids to mix

Question 11

Describe the structure of emulsifier molecules

Answer 11

Have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in their structure

Question 12

What industry are emulsifiers widely used in?

Answer 12

Food industry