SNS Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Which of the following is true about Catecholamines mechanism of action? A. Direct acting sympathomimetics B. Indirect acting sympathomimetics C. Direct acting sympatholytics D. Indirect acting sympatholytics
A
A. Direct acting sympathomimetics
2
Q
T/F Catecholamines are given orally because it has the greatest absorption.
A
FALSE!!!
–Catecholamines are given by injection. They are poorly absorbed after oral administration, and have a high first- pass effect.
3
Q
Where are catecholamines readily absorbed? A. Liver B. Kidney C. GI tract D. Respiratory tract
A
D. Respiratory tract
4
Q
T/F Catecholamines do NOT readily cross the blood brain barrier.
A
True
5
Q
T/F Catecholamines have a slow onset of action and inactivation and therefore are used in emergencies.
A
FALSE!!!
Catecholamines have a RAPID onset of action and inactivation and are therefore utilized for EMERGENCY USE!
6
Q
Where are catecholamines synthesized? A. Adrenal Cortex B. Parathyroid Gland C. Adrenal Medulla D. Thyroid Gland
A
C. Adrenal Medulla
7
Q
Which of the following is NOT a catecholamine? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Dopamine D. Isoxuprine E. Dobutamine
A
D. Isoxuprine
–Isoproterenol is not Isoxuprine!
8
Q
In general catecholamines have ... A. narrow safety margin, long half life B. narrow safety margin, short half life C. broad safety margin, long half life D. broad safety margin, short half life
A
B. narrow safety margin, short half life
9
Q
All of the following are general adverse effects of catecholamines except:
A. tachycardia
B. Preferential blood flow to “flight tissue”
C. Vasoconstriction to vital organs
D. Bradycardia
A
D. Bradycardia
10
Q
A dog comes into the clinic in cardiopulmonary arrest, what drug should you grad to administer in this time sensitive emergency? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
A. Epinephrine
11
Q
A hunting dog in your clinic is known to have anaphylactic reactions to bee stings. The owner of the dog comes in to the clinic because he is taking his dog hunting soon in an area known to have a lot of bee hives. Which medication could you give the hunter with instructions to administer only in the event of a severe life threatening bee sting to the dog? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
A. Epinephrine
12
Q
If you want to use this drug in you must have ECG monitoring and arterial blood pressure monitoring. A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
C. Isoproterenol
13
Q
What drug is indicated for bronchodilation, but is not commonly used? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
C. Isoproterenol
14
Q
What is the best drug for vasopressor support and treatment of septic shock? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
B. Norepinephrine
15
Q
Vasoconstriction is the main clinical effect of this drug: A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
B. Norepinephrine
16
Q
Which drug can cause a strong baroreceptor response that leads to decreased heart rate and contractility? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
B. Norepinephrine
17
Q
Which drug is a nonspecific beta agonist (beta 1 and beta 2)? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
C. Isoproterenol
18
Q
Which drug is a competitive agonist of all adrenergic receptors (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta-1, beta-2)? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
A. Epinephrine
19
Q
Which drug mainly acts through alpha 1 agonism? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
B. Norepinephrine
20
Q
Which drug is the post vasopressor of choice? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
D. Dopamine
21
Q
Which drug is a synthetic beta 1 agonist? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
E. Dobutamine
22
Q
Which drug specifically acts on D1 and D2 (dopamine receptors), and has dose-dependent effects at alpha 1 and beta 1 receptors? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
D. Dopamine
23
Q
Which drug has a positive inotropic effect, one example is it is used in treating DCM (dilated cardiomyopathy)? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
E. Dobutamine
24
Q
Which drug is indicated for treatment of anesthesia associated hypotension? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A
E. Dobutamine
25
```
Which of the following is correct about dose- dependent effects of Dopamine?
A. Low dose is a dopamine antagonist
B. Med- low dose is a beta 2 agonist
C. Med- high dose is a beta 1 agonist
D. High dose is an alpha 2 agonist
```
C. Med- high dose is a beta 1 agonist
- -Low dose is dopamine agonist (D1 and D2)
- -Med- low dose is a beta 1 agonist
- -High dose is a alpha 1 agonist
26
```
Which of the following drugs has a contraindication with left atrial rupture?
A. Epinephrine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Isoproterenol
D. Dopamine
E. Dobutamine
```
E. Dobutamine
27
```
Which of the following will result in the least amount of vasodilation?
A. Epinephrine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Isoproterenol
D. Dopamine
E. Dobutamine
```
B. Norepinephrine
28
```
Which of the following causes D1 receptor mediated vasodilation at low doses?
A. Epinephrine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Isoproterenol
D. Dopamine
E. Dobutamine
```
D. Dopamine
29
```
Which of the following is the drug of choice for treatment of bronchial asthma?
A. Norepinephrine
B. Isoproterenol
C. Albuterol
D. Zilpaterol
```
C. Albuterol
30
```
Which drug has a mode of action of direct acting, selective alpha agonist?
A. Norepinephrine
B. Phenylephrine
C. Epinephrine
D.Zilpaterol
```
B. Phenylephrine
31
```
Which drug(s) is/are direct acting, non-selective beta agonist?
A. Albuterol
B. Ractopamine
C. Clenbuterol
D. Zilpaterol
E. Terbutaline
F. Both B and D
G. A., C., and E.
```
F. Both B and D
| --Ractopamine and Zilpaterol
32
```
Which drug(s) is/are direct acting, selective beta 2 agonist?
A. Albuterol
B. Ractopamine
C. Clenbuterol
D. Zilpaterol
E. Terbutaline
F. Both B and D
G. A., C., and E.
```
G. A., C., and E.
| --Albuterol, Clenbuterol, and Terbutaline
33
```
Which drug would have an indicated use in increased rate of weight gain in food animals?
A. Terbutaline
B. Phenylephrine
C. Zilpaterol
D. Clenbuterol
```
C. Zilpaterol
| --Ractopamine also has the same indicated use.
34
```
Which of the following drugs is mainly a bronchodilator used in humans through an inhaler?
A. Terbutaline
B. Phenylephrine
C. Clenbuterol
D. Albuterol
```
D. Albuterol
35
```
Which of the following drugs is mainly a bronchodilator that is used in small animals?
A. Terbutaline
B. Phenylephrine
C. Clenbuterol
D. Albuterol
```
A. Terbutaline
36
```
Which of the following bronchodilators is used as an oral syrup in equines?
A. Terbutaline
B. Phenylephrine
C. Clenbuterol
D. Albuterol
```
C. Clenbuterol
37
```
Which of the following is the correct order of most selective beta 2 agonist drug to the least selective beta 2 agonist drug?
A. Terbutaline, Clenbuterol, Albuterol
B. Albuterol, Terbutaline, Clenbuterol
C. Albuterol, Clenbuterol, Terbutaline
D. Clenbuterol, Terbutaline, Albuterol
```
B. Albuterol, Terbutaline, Clenbuterol
--Albuterol is the most selective beta 2 agonist. Clenbuterol is the least selective beta 2 agonist and it is also the least likely of the 3 drugs to cause tachycardia.
38
```
Which drug has an indicated use in treating hypotension in dogs and cats?
A. Epinephrine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Phenylephrine
D. Dopamine
```
C. Phenylephrine
39
```
Indirect/ Mixed sympathomimetics are generally used for what?
A. sedition
B. vasoconstriction
C. CNS effects
D. bronchodilators
```
C. CNS effects
40
```
Which of the following drugs is now used mostly in behavior modification in dogs, but in the past was used to treat cushings disease in dogs?
A. Selegiline
B. Phenylpropanolamine
C. Ephedrine
D. Ractopamine
```
A. Selegiline
41
```
Which of the following drug(s) are mixed (direct and indirect) sympathomimetics?
A. Norepinephrine
B. Phenylpropanolamine
C. Phenylephrine
D. Ephedrine
E. Both B and D
F. Both C and D
```
E. Both B and D
| --Phenylpropanolamine and Ephedrine
42
```
Which of the following is a mixed drug that is used to treat urinary incontinence?
A. Phenylephrine
B. Ephedrine
C. Phenylpropanolamine
D. Selegiline
```
C. Phenylpropanolamine
43
```
Which of the following drugs is used at a constant rate infusion (CRI) to maintain blood pressure under anesthesia, and has a mixed action.
A. Phenylephrine
B. Ephedrine
C. Phenylpropanolamine
D. Selegiline
```
B. Ephedrine
44
```
A patient comes in with a pheochromacytome, adrenal gland tumor. When prepping this patient for surgery which of the following drugs would increase this patients rate of surviving the surgery if given preoperatively?
A. Phenoxybenzamine
B. Phenylephrine
C. Phenylpropanolamine
D. Prazosin
```
A. Phenoxybenzamine
45
```
Which of the following drug(s) is/are direct acting, non- specific beta antagonist(s)?
A. Phenoxybenzamine
B. Propanolol
C. Atenolol
D. Esmolol
E. Both C and D
F. Both B and D
```
B. Propanolol
46
```
Which of the following drug(s) is/are direct acting, specific beta antagonist(s)?
A. Phenoxybenzamine
B. Propanolol
C. Atenolol
D. Esmolol
E. Both C and D
F. Both B and D
```
E. Both C and D
47
```
Which of the following drugs is a direct acting, non- specific, alpha 1 antagonist?
A. Prazosin
B. Phenoxybenzamine
C. Propanolol
D. Reserpine
```
B. Phenoxybenzamine
48
T/F: Phenoxybenzamine binds irreversibly to alpha 1 receptor.
True
49
```
Which of the following drugs is used in treating urinary retention for a disease such as Feline urinary tract disease?
A. Phenoxybenzamine
B. Propanolol
C. Prazosin
D. Phenylpropanolamine
```
C. Prazosin
50
```
Which of the following drugs is used to treat congestive heart failure, but has a contraindication in renal failure?
A. Phenoxybenzamine
B. Propanolol
C. Prazosin
D. Phenylpropanolamine
```
C. Prazosin
51
```
Which drug crosses the BBB and is used to treat feline hyperthyroidism and tachyarrhythmias?
A. Phenoxybenzamine
B. Propanolol
C. Prazosin
D. Phenylpropanolamine
```
B. Propanolol
52
```
Which of the following drugs has a longer life and is more selective than propranolol?
A. Phenoxybenzamine
B. Atenolol
C. Prazosin
D. Esmolol
```
B. Atenolol
53
```
Which of the following drugs is very short acting?
A. Phenoxybenzamine
B. Atenolol
C. Prazosin
D. Esmolol
```
D. Esmolol
54
```
Which of the following drugs in NOT a mixed sympathomimetic?
A. Selegiline
B. Phenylephrine
C. Phenylpropanolamine
D. Ephedrine
```
B. Phenylephrine
55
```
Which of the following drugs is NOT an indirect acting sympatholytic?
A. Guanethidine
B. Atenolol
C. Reserpine
D. Alpha- methyl dopa
```
B. Atenolol
56
```
Which of the following drugs blocks NE uptake and is used to calm equines?
A. Guanethidine
B. Atenolol
C. Reserpine
D. Alpha- methyl dopa
```
C. Reserpine
57
```
Which of the following drugs blocks NE release, and is used to treat human hypertension?
A. Guanethidine
B. Atenolol
C. Reserpine
D. Alpha- methyl dopa
```
A. Guanethidine
58
```
Which of the following drugs blocks DOPA decarboxylase and decreases NE synthesis?
A. Guanethidine
B. Atenolol
C. Reserpine
D. Alpha- methyl dopa
```
D. Alpha- methyl dopa
