SNS Drugs Flashcards
Which of the following is true about Catecholamines mechanism of action? A. Direct acting sympathomimetics B. Indirect acting sympathomimetics C. Direct acting sympatholytics D. Indirect acting sympatholytics
A. Direct acting sympathomimetics
T/F Catecholamines are given orally because it has the greatest absorption.
FALSE!!!
–Catecholamines are given by injection. They are poorly absorbed after oral administration, and have a high first- pass effect.
Where are catecholamines readily absorbed? A. Liver B. Kidney C. GI tract D. Respiratory tract
D. Respiratory tract
T/F Catecholamines do NOT readily cross the blood brain barrier.
True
T/F Catecholamines have a slow onset of action and inactivation and therefore are used in emergencies.
FALSE!!!
Catecholamines have a RAPID onset of action and inactivation and are therefore utilized for EMERGENCY USE!
Where are catecholamines synthesized? A. Adrenal Cortex B. Parathyroid Gland C. Adrenal Medulla D. Thyroid Gland
C. Adrenal Medulla
Which of the following is NOT a catecholamine? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Dopamine D. Isoxuprine E. Dobutamine
D. Isoxuprine
–Isoproterenol is not Isoxuprine!
In general catecholamines have ... A. narrow safety margin, long half life B. narrow safety margin, short half life C. broad safety margin, long half life D. broad safety margin, short half life
B. narrow safety margin, short half life
All of the following are general adverse effects of catecholamines except:
A. tachycardia
B. Preferential blood flow to “flight tissue”
C. Vasoconstriction to vital organs
D. Bradycardia
D. Bradycardia
A dog comes into the clinic in cardiopulmonary arrest, what drug should you grad to administer in this time sensitive emergency? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A. Epinephrine
A hunting dog in your clinic is known to have anaphylactic reactions to bee stings. The owner of the dog comes in to the clinic because he is taking his dog hunting soon in an area known to have a lot of bee hives. Which medication could you give the hunter with instructions to administer only in the event of a severe life threatening bee sting to the dog? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A. Epinephrine
If you want to use this drug in you must have ECG monitoring and arterial blood pressure monitoring. A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
C. Isoproterenol
What drug is indicated for bronchodilation, but is not commonly used? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
C. Isoproterenol
What is the best drug for vasopressor support and treatment of septic shock? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
B. Norepinephrine
Vasoconstriction is the main clinical effect of this drug: A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
B. Norepinephrine
Which drug can cause a strong baroreceptor response that leads to decreased heart rate and contractility? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
B. Norepinephrine
Which drug is a nonspecific beta agonist (beta 1 and beta 2)? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
C. Isoproterenol
Which drug is a competitive agonist of all adrenergic receptors (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta-1, beta-2)? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
A. Epinephrine
Which drug mainly acts through alpha 1 agonism? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
B. Norepinephrine
Which drug is the post vasopressor of choice? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
D. Dopamine
Which drug is a synthetic beta 1 agonist? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
E. Dobutamine
Which drug specifically acts on D1 and D2 (dopamine receptors), and has dose-dependent effects at alpha 1 and beta 1 receptors? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
D. Dopamine
Which drug has a positive inotropic effect, one example is it is used in treating DCM (dilated cardiomyopathy)? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
E. Dobutamine
Which drug is indicated for treatment of anesthesia associated hypotension? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
E. Dobutamine
Which of the following is correct about dose- dependent effects of Dopamine? A. Low dose is a dopamine antagonist B. Med- low dose is a beta 2 agonist C. Med- high dose is a beta 1 agonist D. High dose is an alpha 2 agonist
C. Med- high dose is a beta 1 agonist
- -Low dose is dopamine agonist (D1 and D2)
- -Med- low dose is a beta 1 agonist
- -High dose is a alpha 1 agonist
Which of the following drugs has a contraindication with left atrial rupture? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
E. Dobutamine
Which of the following will result in the least amount of vasodilation? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
B. Norepinephrine
Which of the following causes D1 receptor mediated vasodilation at low doses? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Dopamine E. Dobutamine
D. Dopamine
Which of the following is the drug of choice for treatment of bronchial asthma? A. Norepinephrine B. Isoproterenol C. Albuterol D. Zilpaterol
C. Albuterol
Which drug has a mode of action of direct acting, selective alpha agonist? A. Norepinephrine B. Phenylephrine C. Epinephrine D.Zilpaterol
B. Phenylephrine
Which drug(s) is/are direct acting, non-selective beta agonist? A. Albuterol B. Ractopamine C. Clenbuterol D. Zilpaterol E. Terbutaline F. Both B and D G. A., C., and E.
F. Both B and D
–Ractopamine and Zilpaterol
Which drug(s) is/are direct acting, selective beta 2 agonist? A. Albuterol B. Ractopamine C. Clenbuterol D. Zilpaterol E. Terbutaline F. Both B and D G. A., C., and E.
G. A., C., and E.
–Albuterol, Clenbuterol, and Terbutaline
Which drug would have an indicated use in increased rate of weight gain in food animals? A. Terbutaline B. Phenylephrine C. Zilpaterol D. Clenbuterol
C. Zilpaterol
–Ractopamine also has the same indicated use.
Which of the following drugs is mainly a bronchodilator used in humans through an inhaler? A. Terbutaline B. Phenylephrine C. Clenbuterol D. Albuterol
D. Albuterol
Which of the following drugs is mainly a bronchodilator that is used in small animals? A. Terbutaline B. Phenylephrine C. Clenbuterol D. Albuterol
A. Terbutaline
Which of the following bronchodilators is used as an oral syrup in equines? A. Terbutaline B. Phenylephrine C. Clenbuterol D. Albuterol
C. Clenbuterol
Which of the following is the correct order of most selective beta 2 agonist drug to the least selective beta 2 agonist drug? A. Terbutaline, Clenbuterol, Albuterol B. Albuterol, Terbutaline, Clenbuterol C. Albuterol, Clenbuterol, Terbutaline D. Clenbuterol, Terbutaline, Albuterol
B. Albuterol, Terbutaline, Clenbuterol
–Albuterol is the most selective beta 2 agonist. Clenbuterol is the least selective beta 2 agonist and it is also the least likely of the 3 drugs to cause tachycardia.
Which drug has an indicated use in treating hypotension in dogs and cats? A. Epinephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Phenylephrine D. Dopamine
C. Phenylephrine
Indirect/ Mixed sympathomimetics are generally used for what? A. sedition B. vasoconstriction C. CNS effects D. bronchodilators
C. CNS effects
Which of the following drugs is now used mostly in behavior modification in dogs, but in the past was used to treat cushings disease in dogs? A. Selegiline B. Phenylpropanolamine C. Ephedrine D. Ractopamine
A. Selegiline
Which of the following drug(s) are mixed (direct and indirect) sympathomimetics? A. Norepinephrine B. Phenylpropanolamine C. Phenylephrine D. Ephedrine E. Both B and D F. Both C and D
E. Both B and D
–Phenylpropanolamine and Ephedrine
Which of the following is a mixed drug that is used to treat urinary incontinence? A. Phenylephrine B. Ephedrine C. Phenylpropanolamine D. Selegiline
C. Phenylpropanolamine
Which of the following drugs is used at a constant rate infusion (CRI) to maintain blood pressure under anesthesia, and has a mixed action. A. Phenylephrine B. Ephedrine C. Phenylpropanolamine D. Selegiline
B. Ephedrine
A patient comes in with a pheochromacytome, adrenal gland tumor. When prepping this patient for surgery which of the following drugs would increase this patients rate of surviving the surgery if given preoperatively? A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Phenylephrine C. Phenylpropanolamine D. Prazosin
A. Phenoxybenzamine
Which of the following drug(s) is/are direct acting, non- specific beta antagonist(s)? A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Propanolol C. Atenolol D. Esmolol E. Both C and D F. Both B and D
B. Propanolol
Which of the following drug(s) is/are direct acting, specific beta antagonist(s)? A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Propanolol C. Atenolol D. Esmolol E. Both C and D F. Both B and D
E. Both C and D
Which of the following drugs is a direct acting, non- specific, alpha 1 antagonist? A. Prazosin B. Phenoxybenzamine C. Propanolol D. Reserpine
B. Phenoxybenzamine
T/F: Phenoxybenzamine binds irreversibly to alpha 1 receptor.
True
Which of the following drugs is used in treating urinary retention for a disease such as Feline urinary tract disease? A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Propanolol C. Prazosin D. Phenylpropanolamine
C. Prazosin
Which of the following drugs is used to treat congestive heart failure, but has a contraindication in renal failure? A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Propanolol C. Prazosin D. Phenylpropanolamine
C. Prazosin
Which drug crosses the BBB and is used to treat feline hyperthyroidism and tachyarrhythmias? A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Propanolol C. Prazosin D. Phenylpropanolamine
B. Propanolol
Which of the following drugs has a longer life and is more selective than propranolol? A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Atenolol C. Prazosin D. Esmolol
B. Atenolol
Which of the following drugs is very short acting? A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Atenolol C. Prazosin D. Esmolol
D. Esmolol
Which of the following drugs in NOT a mixed sympathomimetic? A. Selegiline B. Phenylephrine C. Phenylpropanolamine D. Ephedrine
B. Phenylephrine
Which of the following drugs is NOT an indirect acting sympatholytic? A. Guanethidine B. Atenolol C. Reserpine D. Alpha- methyl dopa
B. Atenolol
Which of the following drugs blocks NE uptake and is used to calm equines? A. Guanethidine B. Atenolol C. Reserpine D. Alpha- methyl dopa
C. Reserpine
Which of the following drugs blocks NE release, and is used to treat human hypertension? A. Guanethidine B. Atenolol C. Reserpine D. Alpha- methyl dopa
A. Guanethidine
Which of the following drugs blocks DOPA decarboxylase and decreases NE synthesis? A. Guanethidine B. Atenolol C. Reserpine D. Alpha- methyl dopa
D. Alpha- methyl dopa