SNPs

Question 1

Centenarian offspring showed to have specific alleles on ______________ that may exert an influence on aging

Answer 1

chromosome 4

Question 2

Identified 5 SNPs for about ___ % protection against age-related macular degradation

Answer 2

40

Question 3

Other SNPs with delay of four age-related diseases:

Answer 3

1. Alzheimer’s disease (11 candidate genes)
2. Cardiovascular disease (42 candidate genes)
3. Prostate cancer (16 candidate genes)
4. Type 2 diabetes (25 candidate genes)

Question 4

what are some of the Candidate Genes for Longevity from SNPs?

Answer 4

• Blood pressure regulation
  ACE gene
• Lipid metabolism mediation
  ApoE alleles (humans have 3 different alleles) -apolipoproteins
• Stress response
  HSP’s
• Growth hormone/insulin/growth factors axis
  IGF-1

overall helps with DNA damage signalling and repair, pro-antioxidant pathways

Question 5

what is evidence for genetic influence on longevity as a result
of different susceptibilities to diseases

Answer 5

Adopted children studies (Looked at adopted children to see if their cause of death was closer to biological parents (genetics) or adoptive parents (environment))

Biological parents died young (non-accidental). –> Adopted children 2x more likely to die early also

1 parent (biological) died C.V. disease –> children 4x more like to die of heart attack

1 parent (biological) died early infectious disease –> children 5x more likely to die of same cause