snd 1 Flashcards

1
Q

sound designer

A

Leads snd team. Interprets and responds to show with snd.

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2
Q

associate snd designer

A

takes all responsibility is snd designer is gone. liaison between snd designer and other departments. mostly doe paper work

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3
Q

assistant snd designer

A

hired to help the snd designer

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4
Q

production snd engineer/snd supervisor

A

PSE. takes the design and realizes it for the venue. aka - the tech director for snd. coordinates equipment sourcing, installations, budgeting, and labor.

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5
Q

mix engineer(A1)/snd board Op (SBO)

A

mixes the show. if there is no PSE, A1 run snd department. head snd/head electrician (E1)

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6
Q

Mic tech (A2)

A

responsible for mic operations. maintenance and operations. creates wireless mic rigs.

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7
Q

vitruvius

A

built theaters for better sound

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8
Q

aristotle

A

said sound would be heard better on flat surface

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9
Q

medieval

A

fanfair, depictions of God and hell

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10
Q

1642

A

theatre is forbidden

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11
Q

1660

A

king charles brings theatre back

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12
Q

17th century

A

thunder machines (cannonballs down chutes)

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13
Q

edoardo scott

A

invented phonautograph, could record but not play back

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14
Q

1859

A

1st recording snd

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15
Q

1860

A

1st human recording

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16
Q

thomas eddison

A

improved the telephone, invented the phonograph in 1877, could record and produce snd

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17
Q

1890

A

1st sound in theater, baby’s cry

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18
Q

Luigi Russolo

A

built intonarumori (creates natural) in 1913

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19
Q

foley artists

A

1930s, thunder sheets ($7) and wind machines ($15)

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20
Q

1950s broadway

A

no designers, sm would find snd effects, electrician would figure out how to do it

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21
Q

1950s hollywood

A

talkies

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22
Q

prue williams and david collison

A

1959, snd design credit

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23
Q

jack mann

A

1961, snd design credit on bway

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24
Q

abe jacob

A

1971, snd credit for JCS

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25
Q

qlab

A

2005

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26
Q

tonys

A

snd design wasn’t recognized until 2006, stopped being one in 2014, was back to being an award in 2017. 1st tony was in 2008.

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27
Q

sound

A

kinetic energy moving through a medium creating vibrations. particle create mechanical waves

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28
Q

Mechanical waves

A

transverse, surface, longitudinal

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29
Q

transverse

A

whipping rope, moves perpendicular to travel direction

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30
Q

surface

A

vibration across mediums

31
Q

longitudinal

A

vibrations move parallel to travel direction

32
Q

crest

A

highest part of snd wave

33
Q

trough

A

lowest part of snd wavea

34
Q

pressure

A

low and high changes

35
Q

amplitude

A

amount of pressure to excite particlesz

36
Q

zero point

A

air at rest

37
Q

wavelength

A

distance to complete full cycle

38
Q

period

A

time to complete full cycle

39
Q

cochlea

A

inner filled with fluid

40
Q

cilia

A

tiny hairs to sense vibrationsp

41
Q

higher frequency

A

high pitch

42
Q

frequency

A

measured in hertz, human range (20hz-20,000 hz)

43
Q

1000hz

A

1khz

44
Q

fundamental

A

lowest freq.

45
Q

overtone

A

freq. higher than fundamental

46
Q

harmonic

A

an overtone, whole number multiple of fund.

47
Q

period equation

A

1/freq.

48
Q

wavelength equation

A

speed/freq.

49
Q

volume

A

doesn’t mean loudness, measured in decibel

50
Q

snd threshold

A

85db, 8hrs
94db, 1hr
130db, pain

51
Q

Timbre

A

quality of sndd

52
Q

direction

A

what snd is coming from,

53
Q

reverb/reflection

A

how long snd lasts

54
Q

aborsorption

A

snd waves penetrate objects and sucks up snd

55
Q

diffraction

A

change of direction, snd slips through cracks, low freq. diffract easier

56
Q

duration

A

length of time a pitch lasts

57
Q

signal flow

A

live snd, and digital snd

58
Q

Transducer/input

A

converts 1 type of energy to another

59
Q

pre camp

A

mics have low impedance, audio gear high impedance, boosts low z(mic)

60
Q

high z into low z

A

explode

61
Q

low z into high z

A

tiny signal

62
Q

XLR cable

A

low imp. for long runs, 3 pins

63
Q

processing

A

manipulating audio for desired effect

64
Q

amplifier

A

boosts line-level signal to speaker

65
Q

output

A

loudspeakers

66
Q

tweeters

A

1 to 5in, 1.5>khz

67
Q

midrange

A

5 to12in, 500hz to 6khz

68
Q

woofers

A

8 to 18in, <500 hz

69
Q

subwoofer

A

15>in, 30hz to 150hz

70
Q

monitor

A

full-range

71
Q

headphones

A

monitor for ears

72
Q

passive

A

needs external source

73
Q

active

A

built-in amp