SN Characteristics

Question 1

Nucleophiles

Answer 1

Electron rich species that attack +ve polarized atoms

Question 2

Nucleophile - Bascitiy

Answer 2

If Nu- has same attack atom

Stronger Base = Stronger Nucleophile
RO^- > HO^- > RCO₂^- > ROH > H₂O

Question 3

Nucleophile - Size and Polarizability
Protic Solvent

Answer 3

Larger atoms are better Nu-

Can shed their solvent molecules and more polarizable

CN^- >I^- >RO^- >HO^- >Br^- >Cl^- >F^- >H₂O

Question 4

Nucleophile - Size and Polarizability
Aprotic Solvent

Answer 4

Nucleophiles are not solvated

Stronger Base = Stronger Nucleophile

DMSO = Aprotic Solvent

F^- > Cl^- > Br^- > I^-

Question 5

Leaving Groups

Answer 5

Weak Bases = Best Leaving Group

Can accep electron pairs and dissociate

I^- > Br^- > Cl^- > F^-