SMT4 Numbers Flashcards
Rate force application for HVLAT
1368 N/sec
How much preload mean force for thoracic HVLAT
24N
Mean peak force for T-spine HVLAT
248 N - Herzog
Average peak thrust velocity
127°/sec
What acceleration is needed for HVLAT
2183°/sec2
What is the mean peak force of C-Spine HVLAT
118N
Force required to break the “fixation” of a joint after it is focused in CS/TS
150N CS
500N TS
What % Of dissections had a Hx of minor mechanical neck trauma 3 weeks prior
64%
What percent of agreement of normal joint as painless in Jull et al 1994
98%
What was the percent agreement in Smedmark et al study
77%
When did mechanical failure of the vertebral artery occur?
139-162% greater than at rest
What was the kappa coefficient of Smedmatk et al 2000 study
0.28 & 0.43
According to Lee et al 1995, what % of neurologists reported at least one case of stroke
21%
During Cs HVLAT, what % of strain is found on vertebral artery
6.2% greater than at rest
During CS HVLAT, what percentage of strain is noted on the vertebral artery
6.2% greater than at rest
What % of ICA dissection patients is Horner’s syndrome present in
82%
What did the 16.4% of minor events consist of according the Theil et al 2007
HA and neck pain
What was the reported estimate of CVA’s from Danish Chiros
1 in 1.3,000,000 CS Treatments
What were the results of Carlesso et al 2010 systematic review of adverse events after cervical manipulation or mobilization?
Theil et al 2008 reported no major or catastrophic outcomes in CS HVLAT. Average 16.3 of minor events across all studies
According to Ernst 2019, how many Chiro SMT’s have resulted in death?
26
In cadavers, Symons et al 2002 found what % of strain from CS ROM testing of vertebral artery?
1.2-12.5% greater than at rest
What percent of Australian PT’s use pre-manipulation stress test according to Osmotherly & Robert 2011
Rarely 54.5%
Never 62.4%
Gal et al 1997 mvmts in TS
Sagittal 6-12 mm
Lat 3-6mm
Axial .4-1.2%
Sagittal rot 0.8-1.5%
What year did the international headaches Society diagnose CGH
1988, 2004
According to Nilsson et al & Pfaffenrath & Kaubel 1990, what is the prevalence of CGH
15 to 20% of all chronic and recurrent HA’s
Oliphant found what ratio of worsening of lumbar spine with SMT
1 in 3.7 million
What is the difference in mm between sub adjacent transverse processes in the Fernandez de las Pẽnas 2005
3.44mm less on the hypomobile side
In Fernandez de las Peñas et al 2005 what were the overall results
84% had TrPs
In Fernandez de las Penas wt al 2005 what Percent were the ipsilateral joint dysfunction
97%
In Fernandez de las Penas wt al 2005 what Percent had dysfunction at C3
61%
In Fernandez de las Penas et al 2005 what Percent had dysfunction at C4
74%
In Fernandez de las Penas et al 2005 what Percent were active TrPs
28%
In Fernandez de las Penas et al 2005 what Percent were latent TrPs
56%
Laslett 2003
Sensitivity 91%
Specificity 87%
Laslett 2005
Sensitivity 94%
Specificity 78%
Van dur Wuff
Sensitivity 85%
Specificity 79%
Treatment duration, child’s versus Hancock
2 vs 8-12
Difference between child, versus Hancock duration of symptoms
27 vs 5
Loss of follow up child’s versus Hancock
30% vs 2%
Danneels —> 10 weeks stabilization program O’Sullivan versus concentric/eccentric versus concentric/eccentric/isometric (need 70% MVC)
Results: needs 70% MVC to see changes in LM
Myers —> contrast T2 MRI with GHD trunk extension 40/50/60% MVC
Results: need 70% MVC to see changes in LM
Koumantakis -> drawing in maneuver versus TrA & LM cocontraction (specific stabilization VS general exercises)
Results: no difference between the two groups
Absolute contraindications of SMT
Vascular - aneurism, CAD
Bone - tumor, osteomalacia, long term, cortical, steroid use, fracture
Neurological – Cauda equina, CS myelopathy
Relative contraindications of SMT
Pregnant, herniated disc, osteoporosis, RA, Spondy, DDD
