Smooth Muscle Pathophysiology

Question 1

Three types of GI motility disorders

Answer 1

Delayed transit
Impaired relaxation
Inappropriate relaxation

Question 2

Reasons for delayed transit

Answer 2

Esophageal hypomotility (megaesophagus)
Delayed gastric emptying
Intestinal ileus (pseudo-obstruction)
Colonic hypomotility (constipation, megacolon)

Question 3

Reasons for impaired relaxation

Answer 3

Pyloric stenosis

Question 4

Reasons for inappropriate relaxation

Answer 4

Gastroesophageal reflux

Question 5

How are magaesophagus and esophageal hypomotility acquired?

Answer 5

Congenital (developmental neuropathy)
Acquired secondary (from esophagitis, lead poisoning, list goes on...)
Acquired primary (acquired neuropathy)

Question 6

Therapy for megaesophagus and esophageal hypomotility

Answer 6

Elevated feedings
Watered down food
High digestibility food

Question 7

Causes of delayed gastric emptying disorder

Answer 7

Volvulus
Inflammatory bowel disease
Ulcer
Dysautonomia
Metabolic disorders (Addison's disease)

Question 8

Therapy for delayed gastric emptying disorder

Answer 8

Anti-inflammatory drugs
Low-fat/low-protein diet
Liquid consistency

Question 9

Some disorders of intestinal transit

Answer 9

Parvo
Viral enteritis
Hypothyroidism