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FM1010 Physiology > Smooth Muscle > Flashcards

Smooth Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

What regulates smooth muscle tone?

A

ANS

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2
Q

What links smooth muscle cells together?

A

Dense bodies

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3
Q

What proteins tonicly inhibit actin-myosin interaction?

A

Caldesom
Calponin

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4
Q

What delivers action potentials through smooth muscle?

A

Caveolae

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5
Q

What regulates smooth muscle contraction?

A

Myosin - Ca++ involved with it

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6
Q

Describe single unit smooth muscle.

A

Visceral organs
Pacemaker activity causing a wave of contraction

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7
Q

Describe multiunit smooth muscle.

A

Not electrically coupled
Controlled by nerve signals
Important for fine control of these muscles

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8
Q

Describe phasic contraction of smooth muscle.

A

Intermittent contraction - GI tract

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9
Q

Describe tonic contraction of smooth muscle.

A

Continuously contracting - respiratory

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10
Q

How does the contraction cycle in smooth muscle work?

A

Essentially the same cross-bridge cycle with some differences
Ca++ binds to calmodulin
Thick filament regulated due to phosphorylation of myosin by MLCK

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11
Q

What differs non-striated and striated muscle contraction?

A

Smooth muscle contraction is much slower and thick filament regulated

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12
Q

What do calponin and caldesom do?

A

tonicly inhibit actin-myosin interaction

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13
Q

What activates MLCK?

A

Calmodulin

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14
Q

How does relaxation occur in smooth muscle?

A

Dephosphorylation of MLCK by myosin phosphatase

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15
Q

What regulates SR Ca++ in smooth muscle?

A

CICR
Calcium release from SR in response to neurotransmitter release and hormones causing an inositol triphosphate mediated activation of Ca++ release channel on SR

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16
Q

What does phospholipase C do?

A

Converts phosphatidylinositol biphosphate (PIP2) into IP3 which stimulates Ca++ release from SR

17
Q

How is the sarcolemma Ca++ regulated in smooth muscle?

A

CICR
Calcium pump
Na+/Ca++ antiporter
Store operated calcium entry - moving Ca++ into SR from ECF as backup

18
Q

What does latch state allow?

A

Energy efficient prolonged contractions consuming much less ATP

19
Q

What is a way to increase force and how it this achieved?

A

Increasing sensitivity to calcium
Decreasing of MP and increasing activity of MLCK

FM1010 Physiology (12 decks)

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