smoking and learning approach Flashcards
1
Q
learning approach
A
- behaviour is learning from the environment
2
Q
classical conditioning
A
- behaviour learned through association
3
Q
operant conditioning
A
- behaviour is learned through positive and negative reinforcements and punishments
4
Q
social learning theory
A
- behaviour is learned through the imitation of role models
5
Q
positive reinforcement (OC)
A
- receiving a reward for a behaviour
6
Q
negative reinforcement (OC)
A
- taking away something negative as a reward
7
Q
positive punishment (OC)
A
- an undesirable consequence from an unwanted behaviour
8
Q
negative punishment (OC)
A
- taking away something you want as a result of an undesirable behaviour
9
Q
initiation (SLT)
A
- relates to learned behaviour from the environment
- patterns of behaviours of parents and friends affect smoking and alcohol use
- vicarious reinforcement: they expect to receive the same rewards
10
Q
maintenance (CC)
A
- associated with pleasurable feelings
- neutral stimuli (e.g smell and feel of cigarette)
- associated with having a break/other activities
11
Q
strength
A
- LA has practical benefits
- several treatment programmes are based on the LA
- Smith and Caldwell (1989) found that 52% of participants in a programme were still abstaining one year later
- treatments have real benefits in reducing NHS spending and improving quality of life
12
Q
weakness
A
- evidence that self-efficacy is not central to quitting and relapsing
- Gwaltney et al (2009) reviewed 54 studies of the relationship between self-efficacy and quitting
- concluded that low self-efficacy plays a small role in risk of relapse, but this is only one of the relevant factors
