smerican and frnech revolution

Question 1

absolutism

Answer 1

the process which transfers all political power from the chruch to the monarch

Question 2

john locke

Answer 2

philosopher who believer all people are born equal: thet divine right dorsnt exist, he wanter to over throw the government

Question 3

thomas hobbes

Answer 3

believer people needed to be controlled by government, he thought people are naturally selfish and cant make rational decisions. hobbes supported the social contract ( people give up freedoms and rights to the government)

Question 4

Montesquieu

Answer 4

Belived that government should ne split into different branches: judicial, legislative and executive so one is part of the goverment does not hold all power

Question 5

The Enlightenment Period

Answer 5

A movement im Europe between 1700-1800 rejecting the monarchys and churches power to instead embrace reason and logic

Question 6

Rousseau

Answer 6

Believed that the general will must prevail in goverment, the governent should be based on consensus, the people should choose government (democracy) and that we should give up freedoms for help from goverment, but the government should enact the peoples will.

Question 7

Voltare

Answer 7

Premoter of free speech famous quote “I may disagree with what you say, but i will defend to the death your right to say it”

Question 8

The tennis court oath

Answer 8

the monarchy didnt support the national assembly but the third estate forced the monarchy to agree by locking themselves in a tennis court refusing to leave untill they had a representation in the goverment

Question 9

the national assembly

Answer 9

the third estate formed the national assembly to get representation in the government. former the national gaurd to protect themselves (the 3rd estate) from the goverment and military

Question 10

the jacobins

Answer 10

society of the friends of the constitution, a radical political party focused on protecting revolutionary gains from aristocratic reactions. middle mostly third estate membership, favoured centralized government

Question 11

the 13 colonies

Answer 11

northern colonies focused on industry, southern focused on plantations and farming, britian owns these 13 colonies in the mid 1700’s. no official goverment in the colonies, which meant no real way to enforce laws. british began making taxes in 1763 (stamp act, tea act.) they made these taxes because they lost their treasury from the french and indian war

Question 12

Stamp act

Answer 12

Every document of paper with ink on it was taxed

Question 13

The Intolerable act

Answer 13

Closer boston port in colonies, reduced power of colonies EVEN MORE, British people could take all and any empty houses. basically british officers could do whatever they want

Question 14

The Quebec act (1774)

Answer 14

Extended the colony of Quebecs borders, blocking the american colonies from expanding

Question 15

The great terror

Answer 15

In paris 1300 people were guillotined over the span of two months

Question 16

what is a Tyranny?

Answer 16

A cruel, harsh and unfair government in which a person or small group of people have power over everyone else

Question 17

Motto of the relvolution

Answer 17

Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

Question 18

The Sans Culottes

Answer 18

called “The uniform of the revoluntion” Lower middle class trades people who wanted more power in society united in a revolutionary force

Question 19

what is collective consciousness

Answer 19

common ideals, faiths, attitudes and beliefs

Question 20

nation/nationalism

Answer 20

the collective, shared sense of to people who identify themselves as a nation

Question 21

stateless nation

Answer 21

nation not under a goverment

Question 22

nation state

Answer 22

a territory with globally recognized borders with a society organized under a SOVEREIGN goverment

Question 23

sovereignty

Answer 23

a nation having the right to govern itself independently

Question 24

self-determination

Answer 24

a fundamental truth that a nation is allowed to form its own goverment and political allegiance

Question 25

ethnic nationalism

Answer 25

the nation is defined by race

Question 26

civic nationalism

Answer 26

based on equality and rights of citizens

Question 27

ultranationalism

Answer 27

extreme nationalism that promotes the interests of one state or people above all others

Question 28

why is the scientific revolution meaningful?

Answer 28

provided an idea of reason behind rules of nature

Question 29

what was the main cause for the american revolution?

Answer 29

protests first broke out opposing the british goverments taxes

Question 30

boston tea party

Answer 30

american revolutionists disguised themselves and at a boston wharf, threw 342 chests of expensive imported tea into the harbour

Question 31

what document ended the american revolution?

Answer 31

the 1783 “treaty of paris” america and britian both signed officially ended the revolution

Question 32

causes of the french revolution

Answer 32

1.Absolutism
2. Unjust socio-political hierarchy
3. Financial difficulties and deficit spending
4. The Enlightenment

Question 33

the old regime

Answer 33

system of monarchy

Question 34

three estates

Answer 34

First Estate
- High-ranking members of the Church (Privileged class)
Second Estate
- Nobility (Privileged class)
Third Estate
- Everyone else – from peasants in the countryside to wealthy bourgeoisie merchants in the cities (Unprivileged class)

Question 35

storming of the bastille

Answer 35

the national guard ripper apart a prision and robbed it. this signified the end of the old regime

Question 36

a

Question 37

s

Question 38

s

Question 39

s

Question 40

f

Question 41

d

Question 42

d

Question 43

s

Question 44

s

Question 45

c

Question 46

mercantilism

Answer 46

maximize exports, minimize imports, seen as the best way to make the most profit