SMAW groove welds on mild steel

Question 1

An electrode inclination of 0° with a normal arc length produces a:
a) narrow, high-crowned stringer bead.
b) medium width bead with smooth metal flow.
c) medium width bead with shallow penetration.
d) a narrow, rough-surfaced deposit.

Answer 1

b) medium width bead, with smooth metal flow.

Question 2

State the recommended joint preparation for groove welds on 10 mm (3/8”) plate in
these positions.
a) the 1G position without backing
b) the 3G position without backing
c) the 3GF position with backing
d) the 2G position without backing

Answer 2

a) 30° bevel on both sides; 2.5 mm - 3.2 mm (3/32” - 1/8”) land and gap
b) 30° bevel on both sides; 2.5 mm - 3.2 mm (3/32” - 1/8”) land and gap
c) 13 mm (1/2”) spacing; single bevel preparation; no land
d) 30° bevel on both sides; 2.5 mm - 3.2 mm (3/32” - 1/8”) land and gap

Question 3

What is the purpose of tacking the ends from the backside of your open groove weld coupons?

Answer 3

To ensure full root bead fusion at the ends of the plates.

Question 4

Unless it is otherwise specified, what grade of steel is the permanent backing material to be?

Answer 4

If the backing is to be permanent, the grade of material is to be the same as the material being joined.

Question 5

What is the purpose of the backing material on welds with a backer?
a) to introduce alloying elements into the weld metal
b) to make the weld as narrow as possible
c) to support and shape molten weld metal at the root of the joint
d) to allow the use of E4310 (E6010) on the root bead

Answer 5

c) to support and shape molten weld metal at the root of the joint

Question 6

What do you have to be very careful of when welding a joint with a permanent backer?
a) Use the lowest possible current setting to avoid burning through the backing material.
b) Avoid E4918 (E7018) electrodes.
c) Always leave a gap between the backing material and the base metal.
d) You need to ensure full fusion between the base metal and the backing

Answer 6

d) You need to ensure full fusion between the base metal and the backing.

Question 7

What is a good rule for pass placement when multi-pass welding?

Answer 7

Always achieve penetration into the narrowest portion of the joint.

Question 8

What action increases penetration on the root of a 2G weld?
a) shorten the arc length
b) lengthen the arc length
c) decrease electrode angle towards the top member
d) increase travel speed

Answer 8

a) shorten the arc length

Question 9

For complete penetration on an open root groove weld using E4310 (E6010)
electrodes, you must:
a) maintain a short arc length.
b) travel across the joint as quickly as possible.
c) use a stepping action only.
d) carry a continuous keyhole.

Answer 9

d) carry a continuous keyhole.

Question 10

What weld position generally results in the highest amount of distortion?
a) 1G
b) 2G
c) 3G
d) 4G

Answer 10

b) 2G

Question 11

When you deliberately shorten the arc length, you can expect to increase:
a) penetration and decrease puddle fluidity.
b) bead width and decrease penetration.
c) burn-off rate and decrease amperage.
d) puddle fluidity and decrease burn-off rate.

Answer 11

a) penetration and decrease puddle fluidity.

Question 12

Which of the following would most likely produce slag inclusions in multi-pass
welds?
a) high current settings with a short arc length
b) high current settings with a normal arc length
c) low current settings with a long arc length
d) recommended current settings with a normal arc length

Answer 12

c) low current settings with a long arc length

Question 13

What is required to ensure that full fusion is obtained on the root pass of a 1G position weld on 10 mm (3/8”) material?
a) progression maintaining a continuous keyhole
b) progression maintaining a normal arc length
c) slight whipping action of the electrode
d) back stepping using a forehand technique

Answer 13

a) progression maintaining a continuous keyhole

Question 14

Is it necessary to remove scale and rust from the base metal?
a) yes
b) no

Answer 14

a) yes

Question 15

What joint configuration is suggested for a 1G weld with a Vee groove preparation on 10 mm (3/8”) material with a 60° included angle?
a) Root face preparation is 3.2 mm (1/8”) smaller than the gap.
b) Root face preparation is 3.2 mm (1/8”) larger than the gap.
c) Root face preparation is comparable to the gap.
d) Root face preparation and gaps are not required.

Answer 15

c) Root face preparation is comparable to the gap.

Question 16

How many passes would you likely use for a 1G weld with a Vee groove preparation on 10 mm (3/8”) material using 3.2 mm (1/8”) E4310 (E6010) for the root and a 2.5 mm E4918 (3/32” E7018) for the fill and cap passes?
a) 1 or 2 passes
b) 3 or 4 passes
c) 5 or 6 passes
d) 6 or 7 passes

Answer 16

b) 3 or 4 passes

Question 17

When doing the root bead of a 1G weld, what action would you take if the keyhole is not melting evenly in the groove?
a) Use a larger diameter electrode.
b) Immediately adjust the electrode inclination to force the keyhole into the
centre.
c) Perform a quick polarity check.
d) Immediately adjust the electrode angle to force the keyhole into the centre.

Answer 17

d) Immediately adjust the electrode angle to force the keyhole into the centre.

Question 18

What is the main purpose of the hot pass?
a) to fill the joint in preparation for the cap
b) to check the current setting
c) to overcome arc blow
d) to penetrate into the root and melt out the slag or undercut

Answer 18

d) to penetrate into the root and melt out the slag or undercut

Question 19

Most codes and standards do not accept a crack or open defect:
a) of any kind.
b) 1.6 mm (1/16”) length measured in any direction.
c) 3.2 mm (1/8”) length measured in any direction.
d) of any size if there is slag or porosity in the defect.

Answer 19

c) 3.2 mm (1/8”) length measured in any direction.

Question 20

What is the root spacing for a CSA 2G with backing test weld?
a) 3.2 mm (1/8”)
b) 6.4 mm (1/4”)
c) 8 mm (5/16”)
d) 13 mm (1/2”)

Answer 20

c) 8 mm (5/16”)