Small intestine anatomy and physiology.

Question 1

goblet cells

Answer 1

Secrete mucus

Question 2

intestinal glands

Answer 2

• duodenal gland found in submucosa of duodenum

* secrete alkaline mucus which elp netralize the acidity of gastric juice.

Question 3

intestinal crypt

Answer 3

betwween the villi and submucosa the folds called Intestinal crypts .
they hold 2 ( lysozyme, enteroendocrine cells) of the major 5 cells.
entroendocrine secrete CCK cells

Question 4

microvilli

Answer 4

• on the top of the erythrocyte micro-villi forms.

* it helps in absorbtion of the nutrients and secretion of brush border enzymes.

Question 5

segmentation

Answer 5

in small intestine, circular muscle alternatively contract to mix chyme.

Question 6

peristalsis

Answer 6

wave of contraction in Longitudinal muscles occur between meals in digestive tract esophagus and stomach

Question 7

how intestinal secretion is regulated

Answer 7

• Vegus nerve stimulates it.
• Fatty acid in duodenum increase secretion of CCK
• Acidity of chyme stimulate the release of secretin.

Question 8

alpha dextrinase enzyme function

Answer 8

clips of one glucose at a time

Question 9

maltase enzyme

Answer 9

convert maltase or malotriose to glucose

Question 10

sucrose

Answer 10

convert sucrose into glucose or sucrose

Question 11

Lactase

Answer 11

convert lactose into glucoe and galactose

Question 12

Aminopeptidase

Answer 12

cleaves amino acid from amino terminus ( e.g 4 amino acid to single)

Question 13

dipeptidase

Answer 13

convert to two free amino acids

Question 14

Nucleosidases

Answer 14

takes sugar off the nucleotide

Question 15

phosphatases

Answer 15

take phosphate off a nucleotide

Question 16

Lipoprotein lipase and location and function

Answer 16

• in the capillary endothelial

* breakdown chylomicrons into free acids and glycerol which can be absorbed by tissue cells.