Small Bowel Obstruction

Question 1

Mechanical Intestinal Obstruction

Answer 1

physical blockage - often caused by adhesions, hernias, tumours or strictures

Question 2

Functional (non-mechanical) Intestinal Obstruction

Answer 2

impaired peristalsis without a physical blockage, as seen in paralytic ileus

Question 3

Intestinal Blockage Clinical Manifestations

Answer 3

Abdominal pain - cramps, colicky pain.
Vomiting - may be feculent (contains stool) in complete obstruction.
Abdominal Distention - visible and palpable swelling.
Absence of Bowel Sounds - increased decreased or absent peristalsis.

Question 4

Assessment on Intestinal Blockage

Answer 4

History - Inquire about previous abdominal surgeries, medical conditions, and recent changes in bowel habits.
Physical Examination - assess for abdominal distension, tenderness, and signs of dehydration.
Bowel Sounds - listen for hypoactive or absent bowel sounds.

Question 5

Intestinal Obstruction Diagnosis

Answer 5

Abdominal X-Rays -detects air-fluid levels and distended loops of bowel.
CT scan - provides detailed images and identifies the cause of obstruction.
Blood Tests - evaluate for electrolyte imbalances and signs of infection.

Question 6

Intestinal Blockage Treatment

Answer 6

NPO -
IV fluids - correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
NG tube - relieves gastric distention and decompressed the bowel.
Surgery - required for mechanical obstruction not resolving with conservative measures.
**Laxative are contraindicative!!*

Question 7

Complications of Intestinal Obstruction

Answer 7

Perforation - risk increases with prolonged obstruction.
Ishchemia - reduced blood flow to the intestines, leading to tissue damage.
Sepsis - secondary to bacterial translocation from the compromised intestine.