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Reproduction > Small Animal Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Small Animal Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Canines come into puberty on average between ___ and ___ months of age.

A

6 and 15 months of age

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2
Q

Felines come into puberty on average between ___ and ___ months of age.

A

4 and 12 months of age

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3
Q

Peak fertility in the dog?

A

2-7 years of age

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4
Q

Peak fertility in the cat?

A

2-8 years of age

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5
Q

Which cats come into puberty sooner, shorthair breeds or longhair breeds?

A

Shorthair breeds

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6
Q

Which come into puberty sooner, small breed dogs or large breed dogs?

A

Small breed dogs

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7
Q

On average, how long is proestrus in the dog?

A

9 days

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8
Q

Which hormone predominates in proestrus?

A

Estrogen

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9
Q

During proestrus, what would you expect progesterone levels to be?

A

< 1 ng/dL

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10
Q

What type of vaginal cells would predominate early on in proestrus?

A
  1. Intermediate cells

2. Parabasal cells

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11
Q

What type of vaginal cells would predominate late in proestrus?

A
  1. Intermediate cells

2. Superficial cells

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12
Q

On average, how long is estrus?

A

9 days

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13
Q

Which hormone predominates in estrus?

A

Progesterone

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14
Q

What cells predominate on vaginal cytology during estrus?

A

Superficial cells (>80%)

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15
Q

Ovulation occurs ___ to ___ hours following the LH surge.

A

48-60 hours

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16
Q

It takes about ___ to ___ days for the primary oocyte to reach maturity.

A

2-3 days

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17
Q

Diestrus is associated with what phase, luteal or follicular phase?

A

Luteal phase

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18
Q

How long is diestrus in the bitch?

A

50-80 days

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19
Q

In diestrus, the cells of the vagina decrease in superficial cells and increase in what?

A
  1. PMNs

2. Parabasal cells

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20
Q

Which hormone dominates in diestrus?

A

Progesterone

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21
Q

How does one differentiate between diestrus and proestrus?

A

Progesterone levels

22
Q

Which will have higher progesterone levels, diestrus or proestrus?

A

Diestrus

23
Q

Pregnancy in the bitch is CL dependent and maintained by what 3 hormones?

A
  1. Progesterone
  2. Prolactin
  3. LH
24
Q

Anestrus in the bitch is ___ to ___ days long.

A

90-150 days

25
Q

Fertility issues may be expressed prior to day ____ of anestrus.

A

90

26
Q

Which hormone is responsible for pseudopregnancy signs?

A

Prolactin

27
Q

Name 2 prolactin inhibitors.

A
  1. Cabergoline

2. Bromocriptine

28
Q

What are 3 signs of pseudopregnancy in the bitch?

A
  1. Mammary gland development
  2. Lactation
  3. Nesting inanimate objects

OCCURS AT THE END OF DIESTRUS

29
Q

What would progesterone levels be during the LH surge?

A

2-2.5 ng/dL

30
Q

What would progesterone levels be during ovulation?

A

4-10 ng/dL

31
Q

When would be an optimal time to breed after LH surge?

A

5-6 days

32
Q

When would be an optimal time to breed after ovulation?

A

2-3 days

33
Q

How long does fresh semen stay alive in the female Bitch’s tract?

A

Up to 11-14 days

34
Q

When using fresh semen and natural mating, what is your breeding protocol?

A

Breed one day after ovulation then every other day until receptive

35
Q

When using fresh semen and vaginal AI, what is your breeding protocol?

A

Breed on day 2 and repeat in 2 days

36
Q

When using fresh semen and surgical AI, what is your breeding protocol?

A

Breed on either days 2, 3, or 4 post-ovulation

37
Q

How long does chilled, shipped semen remain viable in the bitch’s tract?

A

48 hours

38
Q

How long does frozen semen remain viable inside the bitch’s tract?

A

8-12 hours

39
Q

When using chilled, shipped semen and trans-cervical AI, what is your breeding protocol?

A

Breed on days 2 and 4 post-ovulation

40
Q

If you have ONE DOSE of chilled, shipped semen, when will you breed?

A

On either day 2, 3, or 4 post-ovulation

41
Q

Using frozen semen and trans-cervical AI, when will you breed?

A

Day 5 or 6 post-LH surge

42
Q

Using frozen semen and surgical AI, when will you breed?

A

Day 5 or 6 post-LH surge

43
Q

On average, how long should dogs be in the copulatory tie?

A

20 minutes (5-60 minutes)

44
Q

With natural copulation, where is semen deposited?

A

In front of the cervix

45
Q

What are the 4 indications for performing surgical AI?

A
  1. Older female
  2. Uterine pathology
  3. Small dose semen
  4. Poor-quality semen
46
Q

What are 6 reasons for anestrus in the queen?

A
  1. Pregnancy
  2. Pseudopregnancy
  3. Depo-progesterone
  4. Illness
  5. Non-breeding season
  6. Spayed
47
Q

When exposed to males, queens in anestrus will return to cyclicity within ___ to ___ weeks.

A

4-6 weeks

48
Q

Queens in lactational anestrus will return to cyclicity within ___ to ___ weeks.

A

2-8 weeks

49
Q

How long is the interestrus period in a queen?

A

8-15 days

50
Q

How long is proestrus in the queen?

A

1 day

51
Q

How long is estrus in the queen?

A

2-6 days

52
Q

Which hormone is dominant in estrus of the queen?

A

Estrogen

Reproduction (13 decks)

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