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Renal by Minnie > SM 186a - Kidney Anatomy and Histology > Flashcards

SM 186a - Kidney Anatomy and Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What is structure #11?

A

Outer medullary collecting duct

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2
Q

2 is pointing to the…

A

Minor calyces

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3
Q

What is structure #3?

A

Thick descending loop of Henle

(aka proximal straight tubule)

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4
Q

What structures make up the renal corpuscule?

A

Bowman’s capsule + glomerular capillaries

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5
Q

What is structure #6?

A

Thick ascending Loop of Henle

(aka distal straight tubule)

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6
Q

14 is pointing to the…

A

The cortex

Contains the cortical labyrinth, medullary rays, and renal columns

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7
Q

List the steps in the path that urine takes from Bowman’s space to the ureter

A
  • Bowman’s space
  • Proximal convluted tubule
  • Thick descending limb of the LOH (proximal straight tubule)
  • Thin descending limb of the LOH
  • Thin ascending limb of the LOH
  • Thick ascending limb of the LOD (distal straight tubule)
  • Macula densa - part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus
  • Distal convluted tubule
  • Collecting tubule
  • Cortical collecting duct
  • Medullary collecting duct
  • Minor calyx
  • Major calyx
  • Renal pelvis
  • Ureter
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8
Q

1 is pointing to the…

A

Renal capsule

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9
Q

What is structure #10?

A

Cortical collecting duct

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10
Q

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

A

Nephron

Nephron = renal corpuscule + renal tubules

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11
Q

What structures make up the medullary rays?

A

Straight tubules + collecting tubules + collecting ducts

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12
Q

What structures make up the cortical labyrinth?

A

Renal corpuscules + convluted tubules

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13
Q

List the steps in the path that blood takes through the kidney, starting with the renal artery and ending with the renal vein

A
  • Renal artery
  • Segmental arteries
  • Interlobar arteries
  • Arcuate arteries
  • Interlobular arteries
  • Afferent arterioles (enters the renal corpuscule)
  • Glomerular capillaries
  • Efferent arterioles (leaves the renal corpuscule)
  • Peritubular arteries (cortex) + Descending vasa recta (medulla)
  • Interlobular veins + Ascending vasa recta
  • Arcuate veins
  • Interlobar veins
  • Segmental veins
  • Renal vein
  • IVC
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14
Q

Which one of the following is part of the filtration apparatus?

A. Parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule

B. Mesangial cells

C. Podocytes

D. Juxtaglomerular cells

E. Macula densa cells

A

C. Podocytes

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15
Q

7 is pointing to the…

A

Fat in the renal sinus

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16
Q

What structures make up the renal corpuscule?

A

Bowman’s Capsule + Glomerular Capillary tuft

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17
Q

What is structure #5?

A

Thin ascending Loop of Henle

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18
Q

What structures make up the lobe of the kidney?

A

Medullary pyramid + associated renal cortex

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19
Q

What structures make up the filtration apparatus (permeability barrier) in the glomerular corpuscule?

A

Fenestrated endothelial cells

Foot processes of the podocytes w/ slit diaphragms

Glomerular basement membrane

20
Q

What is structure #1?

A

Renal corpuscule

21
Q

What structures make up the renal columns?

A

Cortical regions of the kidney that extend between the pyramids of the medulla

22
Q

What is structure #4?

A

Thin descending Loop of Henle

23
Q

13 is pointing to the…

A

Pyramids in teh medulla

(The medulla is made up of the pyramids)

24
Q

What is structure #12?

A

Inner medullary collecting duct

25
Q

3 is pointing to the…

A

Blood vessels entering the renal parenchyma

26
Q

Where in the body is the kidney located?

A

Retroperitoneal location in the posterior abdomen

The left kidney is slightly higher up than the right

27
Q

6 is pointing to the…

A

Renal pelvis

28
Q

What cells make up the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

A

Macula densa cells+ juxtaglomerular cells

  • Macula densa cells
    • Modified distal tubule cells
  • Juxtaglomerular cells
    • Modified smooth muscle cells associated with the arteriole
    • More in the afferent than efferent
29
Q

8 is pointing to the…

A

Minot calyces

30
Q

What is structure #7?

A

Macula densa

31
Q

What is structure #2?

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

32
Q

What structures are contained in the pyramids of the kidney?

A

Straight tubules

Loop of Henle

Collecting ducts

33
Q

5 is pointing to the…

A

Major calyces

34
Q

What is structure #9?

A

Collecting tubule

35
Q

What is structure #8?

A

Distal convoluted tubule

36
Q

4 is pointing to the…

A

Renal sinus

37
Q

What ist he function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?

A

Regulates blood pressure via by activating the RAA system (if BP is too low) or by initiating tuboglomerular feedback (if BP is too high)

38
Q

9 is pointing to the…

A

Ureter

39
Q

12 is pointing to the…

A

Renal Papilla

At the base of the pyramid, in the medulla

40
Q

10 is pointing to the…

A

Base of the pyramid

(Part of the renal medulla)

41
Q

11 is pointing to the…

A

Renal column (of Bertirin)

Part of the cortex

42
Q

Which structure is labeled by B?

A

Podocyte

43
Q

Which structure is labeled by C?

A

Mesangial matrix

44
Q

Which structure is labeled by D?

A

Mesangial cell

45
Q

Which structure is labeled by E?

A

Endothelial cell

46
Q

Which structure is labeled by F?

A

Glomerular basement membrane

Renal by Minnie (27 decks)

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