SLT

Question 1

Outline the main assumptions of SLT

Answer 1

• developed by Albert Bandura
  -agreed with behaviourism that behaviour is learnt from experience
• also proposed we learn through observation + imitation of others
• learning happens indirectly

Question 2

Define vicarious reinforcement

Answer 2

Indirect learning where an individual observes a behaviour; imitation occurs if behaviour is rewarded

Question 3

Define mediational processes

Answer 3

Cognitive factors influencing learning to determine whether a new response is acquired

Question 4

What are the 4 mediational processes?

Answer 4

1 - Attention= extent to which we notice behaviours
2 - **Retention **= how well behaviour is remembered
3 - Motor reproduction = ability of observer to perform behaviour
4 - Motivation = will to perform behaviour, often determined by whether it was rewarded or punished

Question 5

What is identification?

Answer 5

~ people are more likely to imitate those they identify with —> called role models

Question 6

What makes someone a role model to an individual?

Answer 6

If they share similar traits and are attractive or high-status

Question 7

What are strengths of SLT?

Answer 7

+ recognises importance of cognitive factors and how humans store information to make later judgements
+ Explains cultural differences in behaviour e.g. violence in video games
+ Less deterministic than behaviourist approach; Bandura emphasised that we also exert influence on our environment

Question 8

What are limitations of the SLT?

Answer 8

— Underestimates biological factors - Bandura found in Bobo doll experiment boys were more aggressive than girls, ignores testosterone
— Methodological flaws - Bobo dolls were designed to be hit, children may have responded to DCs by hitting the doll