SLT Flashcards
Main assumptions: How do people learn?
Through observation and imitation of others within a social context
Main assumptions: What two approaches do they combine to explain learning?
Behaviourist and Cognitive
Main assumptions: What are there preferred methods?
Observations and Lab experiments
What is the mediational process?
There is thought prior to imitation and this consideration is called mediational processes
Who do we learn from?
Role models
Aspects of an effective role model
- Similar to you – ability to see similar characteristics - gender, age, ethnicity, socio-economic background
- Successful – leads to vicarious positive reinforcement
- Someone you look up to
- Someone who increases your popularity/success/confidence
What are the 4 steps in the mediational process?
The four mediational processes proposed by Bandura:
- attention (whether we notice the behaviour) - retention (whether we remember the behaviour)
- reproduction (whether we are able to perform the behaviour)
- motivation (whether the perceived rewards outweigh the perceived costs)
What is self-efficacy?
A person’s belief that they can be successful when carrying out a particular task.
How is behaviour learnt indirectly?
Through vicarious reinforcement
What is vicarious reinforcement?
When attending to a role model, we may observe them being praised or punished and this may motivate us to reproduce the behaviour or not..
What study is used to support SLT?
Bandura’s bobo doll study (1961)
What was the aim of this study?
Bandura (1961) conducted a controlled experiment study to investigate if social behaviors (i.e., aggression) can be acquired by observation and imitation.
What was the procedure?
36 boys and 36 girls were split.
Half were exposed to adult models interacting aggresively with the bobo doll and the other half were exposed tonon-aggressive models.
The children were then allowed to intercat with the doll.
What were the results?
Children who saw the aggressive model reproduced lots of physical/verbal aggressive behaviour.
The children copied the behaviour they observed supporting SLT.
Conclusion
Therefore learning is done through observation and imitation
